Chemistry: Atomic and Molecular Forces
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Chemistry: Atomic and Molecular Forces

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Questions and Answers

What type of forces hold atoms together within a molecule?

  • Ion-ion forces
  • Dispersion forces
  • Intramolecular forces (correct)
  • Intermolecular forces
  • What type of forces exist between oppositely charged ions?

  • Dispersion forces
  • Hydrogen bond
  • Dipole-dipole forces
  • Ion-ion forces (correct)
  • What is the strength of attraction between molecules held together by dipole-dipole forces?

  • Low
  • Medium-High
  • Medium (correct)
  • High
  • What type of forces occur between nonpolar molecules?

    <p>Dispersion forces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of forces occur between polar molecules containing H and highly electronegative elements?

    <p>Hydrogen bond</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of dispersion forces?

    <p>Present in all molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the temperature at which a solid turns into a liquid?

    <p>Melting point</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ability of a liquid to pass through a narrow space without external forces?

    <p>Capillarity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unit of measurement equivalent to 1 millipascal second?

    <p>Centipoise</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of stronger intermolecular forces on the boiling point of a substance?

    <p>Higher boiling point</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the heat required to turn a liquid into a gas?

    <p>Vaporization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Intramolecular Forces

    • Hold atoms together within a molecule
    • Also known as chemical bonds

    Intermolecular Forces

    • Attractive and repulsive forces that hold molecules together in a substance
    • Types include ion-ion, dipole-dipole, hydrogen bond, and dispersion forces

    Ion-Ion Forces

    • Occur between ionic compounds
    • Exist between oppositely charged ions
    • Strength of attraction: HIGH
    • Like charges repell each other, opposite charges attract

    Dipole-Dipole Forces

    • Occur between polar molecules
    • Strength of attraction: MEDIUM
    • Average dipole-dipole interaction is relatively weak and effective over a very short range

    Hydrogen Bond

    • Special dipole-dipole force
    • Occurs between polar molecules containing H and highly electronegative elements (F, O, N)
    • Strength of attraction: MEDIUM-HIGH

    Dispersion Forces (London Forces)

    • Present in ALL molecules
    • Occur between nonpolar molecules
    • Strength of attraction: LOW

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    Description

    Learn about the different types of forces that hold atoms and molecules together, including intramolecular and intermolecular forces, and ion-ion forces.

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