Podcast
Questions and Answers
The number of protons in an atom is called its _______ number.
The number of protons in an atom is called its _______ number.
atomic
The outermost electrons of an atom, which determine its bonding properties, are called _______ electrons.
The outermost electrons of an atom, which determine its bonding properties, are called _______ electrons.
valence
The elements in Group 1 of the periodic table are known as _______ metals.
The elements in Group 1 of the periodic table are known as _______ metals.
alkali
The most stable elements, which rarely form compounds, are the _______ gases.
The most stable elements, which rarely form compounds, are the _______ gases.
A chemical bond formed by the transfer of electrons is called an _______ bond.
A chemical bond formed by the transfer of electrons is called an _______ bond.
What is the purpose of insulation in a home?
What is the purpose of insulation in a home?
How does a refrigerator keep food cold?
How does a refrigerator keep food cold?
What is the difference between a passive and an active solar heating system?
What is the difference between a passive and an active solar heating system?
How does an internal combustion engine generate power?
How does an internal combustion engine generate power?
Why is atomic number used to organize the periodic table instead of atomic mass?
Why is atomic number used to organize the periodic table instead of atomic mass?
What did Rutherford's gold foil experiment reveal about the atom?
What did Rutherford's gold foil experiment reveal about the atom?
What makes noble gases chemically stable?
What makes noble gases chemically stable?
How does an ionic bond form?
How does an ionic bond form?
Why do alkali metals react so easily with other elements?
Why do alkali metals react so easily with other elements?
What is the role of valence electrons in chemical bonding?
What is the role of valence electrons in chemical bonding?
An ionic bond forms when one atom _______ electrons to another atom.
An ionic bond forms when one atom _______ electrons to another atom.
A covalent bond forms when two atoms _______ electrons.
A covalent bond forms when two atoms _______ electrons.
A substance that speeds up a chemical reaction without being consumed is called a _______.
A substance that speeds up a chemical reaction without being consumed is called a _______.
The law of conservation of mass states that mass cannot be _______ or _______ in a chemical reaction.
The law of conservation of mass states that mass cannot be _______ or _______ in a chemical reaction.
A reaction in which two or more substances combine to form a new compound is called a _______ reaction.
A reaction in which two or more substances combine to form a new compound is called a _______ reaction.
A reaction in which a compound breaks down into two or more simpler substances is called a _______ reaction.
A reaction in which a compound breaks down into two or more simpler substances is called a _______ reaction.
A reaction in which one element replaces another in a compound is called a _______ reaction.
A reaction in which one element replaces another in a compound is called a _______ reaction.
A reaction in which ions from two compounds exchange places to form two new compounds is called a _______ reaction.
A reaction in which ions from two compounds exchange places to form two new compounds is called a _______ reaction.
The energy needed to start a chemical reaction is called _______ energy.
The energy needed to start a chemical reaction is called _______ energy.
A substance that increases the number of hydronium ions when dissolved in water is called an _______.
A substance that increases the number of hydronium ions when dissolved in water is called an _______.
A reaction between an acid and a base that produces a salt and water is called a _______ reaction.
A reaction between an acid and a base that produces a salt and water is called a _______ reaction.
A solution with a pH below 7 is classified as _______.
A solution with a pH below 7 is classified as _______.
An organic compound that contains only carbon and hydrogen is called a _______.
An organic compound that contains only carbon and hydrogen is called a _______.
A long chain of amino acids forms a _______.
A long chain of amino acids forms a _______.
The nucleic acid that carries genetic information in cells is called _______.
The nucleic acid that carries genetic information in cells is called _______.
A radioactive particle consisting of two protons and two neutrons is called an _______ particle.
A radioactive particle consisting of two protons and two neutrons is called an _______ particle.
The time required for half of a radioactive substance to decay is called its _______.
The time required for half of a radioactive substance to decay is called its _______.
Gamma radiation consists of high-energy _______.
Gamma radiation consists of high-energy _______.
What happens to mass during a chemical reaction?
What happens to mass during a chemical reaction?
How can you tell if a chemical reaction is occurring?
How can you tell if a chemical reaction is occurring?
What is the difference between a catalyst and an inhibitor?
What is the difference between a catalyst and an inhibitor?
Flashcards
Atomic Number
Atomic Number
The number of protons in an atom's nucleus.
Valence Electrons
Valence Electrons
Electrons in the outermost shell of an atom.
Alkali Metals
Alkali Metals
Group 1 elements; highly reactive metals.
Noble Gases
Noble Gases
Signup and view all the flashcards
Ionic Bond
Ionic Bond
Signup and view all the flashcards
Insulation
Insulation
Signup and view all the flashcards
Refrigerator
Refrigerator
Signup and view all the flashcards
Passive Solar Heating
Passive Solar Heating
Signup and view all the flashcards
Active Solar Heating
Active Solar Heating
Signup and view all the flashcards
Internal Combustion Engine
Internal Combustion Engine
Signup and view all the flashcards
Why Atomic Number?
Why Atomic Number?
Signup and view all the flashcards
Rutherford's Gold Foil Experiment
Rutherford's Gold Foil Experiment
Signup and view all the flashcards
Noble Gas Stability
Noble Gas Stability
Signup and view all the flashcards
Ionic Bond Formation
Ionic Bond Formation
Signup and view all the flashcards
Alkali Metal Reactivity
Alkali Metal Reactivity
Signup and view all the flashcards
Role of Valence Electrons
Role of Valence Electrons
Signup and view all the flashcards
Ionic Bond Formation
Ionic Bond Formation
Signup and view all the flashcards
Covalent Bond Formation
Covalent Bond Formation
Signup and view all the flashcards
Catalyst
Catalyst
Signup and view all the flashcards
Law of Conservation of Mass
Law of Conservation of Mass
Signup and view all the flashcards
Synthesis Reaction
Synthesis Reaction
Signup and view all the flashcards
Decomposition Reaction
Decomposition Reaction
Signup and view all the flashcards
Single-Displacement Reaction
Single-Displacement Reaction
Signup and view all the flashcards
Double-Displacement Reaction
Double-Displacement Reaction
Signup and view all the flashcards
Activation Energy
Activation Energy
Signup and view all the flashcards
Acid
Acid
Signup and view all the flashcards
Base
Base
Signup and view all the flashcards
Neutralization Reaction
Neutralization Reaction
Signup and view all the flashcards
Acidic
Acidic
Signup and view all the flashcards
Basic
Basic
Signup and view all the flashcards
Study Notes
- The atomic number is the number of protons in an atom.
- Valence electrons are the outermost electrons of an atom which determine bonding properties.
- Alkali metals are the elements in Group 1 of the periodic table.
- Noble gases are the most stable elements and rarely form compounds.
- An ionic bond is a chemical bond formed by the transfer of electrons.
- The purpose of insulation in a home is to reduce heat transfer, keeping the building warm in winter and cool in summer.
- A refrigerator keeps food cold by removing heat from the inside and transferring it outside using a refrigerant and a compressor.
- Passive solar heating systems use building materials to trap heat.
- Active solar heating systems use pumps and fans to distribute heat.
- Internal combustion engines generate power by burning fuel inside cylinders, creating expanding gases that move pistons.
- The periodic table is organized by atomic number instead of atomic mass.
- Atomic number uniquely identifies elements and better reflects periodic trends.
- Rutherford's gold foil experiment revealed atoms have a small, dense, positively charged nucleus surrounded by mostly empty space.
- Noble gases are chemically stable because they have a full outer electron shell.
- Ionic bonds form when one atom donates electrons to another, creating oppositely charged ions that attract each other.
- Alkali metals react easily because they have only one valence electron, which they readily lose to achieve stability.
- Valence electrons determine how atoms interact and form bonds with other atoms in chemical bonding.
- Ionic bonds form when one atom transfers electrons to another atom.
- Covalent bonds form when two atoms share electrons.
- A catalyst is a substance that speeds up a chemical reaction without being consumed.
- The law of conservation of mass states that mass cannot be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction.
- A reaction in which two or more substances combine to form a new compound is called a synthesis reaction.
- A reaction in which a compound breaks down into two or more simpler substances is called a decomposition reaction.
- A reaction in which one element replaces another in a compound is called a single-displacement reaction.
- A reaction in which ions from two compounds exchange places to form two new compounds is called a double-displacement reaction.
- Activation energy is the energy needed to start a chemical reaction.
- An acid increases the number of hydronium ions when dissolved in water.
- A base increases the number of hydroxide ions when dissolved in water.
- A neutralization reaction is a reaction between an acid and a base that produces a salt and water.
- pH below 7 is classified as acidic.
- pH above 7 is classified as basic.
- A hydrocarbon is an organic compound that contains only carbon and hydrogen.
- A protein is a long chain of amino acids.
- DNA is the nucleic acid that carries genetic information in cells.
- An alpha particle is a radioactive particle consisting of two protons and two neutrons.
- Half-life is the time required for half of a radioactive substance to decay.
- Gamma radiation consists of high-energy electromagnetic waves.
- During a chemical reaction, mass is conserved; the total mass of reactants equals the total mass of products.
- A chemical reaction is occurring if observing signs such as gas production, color change, temperature change, or precipitate formation.
- A catalyst speeds up a reaction, while an inhibitor slows it down.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Related Documents
Description
Briefly covers atomic structure, chemical bonding, insulation, refrigeration, heating systems, engines, and the organization of the periodic table. These principles form the basis of chemistry and physics.
