Chemistry: Alkali Metals Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What do lithium, sodium, and potassium produce when they react with water?

They produce hydrogen gas and a metal hydroxide.

Why are group 1 metals stored in oil?

They are stored in oil to prevent reactions with oxygen and water vapor in the air.

What trend is observed in the reactivity of alkali metals as you move down the group?

Reactivity increases as you go down the group.

Why are group 1 metals referred to as alkali metals?

<p>They are called alkali metals because they form an alkali solution when they react with water.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the reason that alkali metals become more reactive down the group?

<p>They become more reactive because the outer electron is farther from the nucleus, making it easier to lose.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the molecular mass of water (H₂O) when considering the atomic masses of hydrogen and oxygen?

<p>18 amu (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs to the arrangement of particles when a substance transitions from a solid to a liquid?

<p>Particles move further apart and vibrate more freely. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true about the atomic number of an element?

<p>It is equal to the number of protons only. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes why alkali metals react strongly with water?

<p>They produce hydrogen gas and a strong alkali solution. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the size of alkali metal atoms as you move down group 1?

<p>They increase in size due to additional electron shells. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which best describes the atomic mass of an element?

<p>The average mass of all naturally occurring isotopes of the element. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is hydrogen important in the context of alkali metals?

<p>It reacts with alkali metals when they come into contact with water. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do the particles in a solid behave?

<p>They vibrate in place but do not move past each other. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the nature of metal hydroxides formed by alkali metals during their reaction with water?

<p>They are basic and form alkali solutions. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If an element has an atomic number of 8, how many electrons does it have?

<p>8 electrons (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What would be the effect of increased nuclear charge on the reactivity of alkali metals?

<p>It would decrease reactivity as outer electrons are held more tightly. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements regarding liquids is false?

<p>Particles are arranged in a fixed position. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What physical state are alkali metals typically found in at room temperature?

<p>Solid (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary factor that influences the stability of an atom?

<p>The presence of neutrons in its nucleus. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which option correctly describes the general behavior of alkali metals when exposed to air?

<p>They tarnish quickly forming a layer of oxide. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic is common to all alkali metals?

<p>They form cations with a +1 charge. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Group 1 metal reaction with water

Group 1 metals (lithium, sodium, potassium) react vigorously with water, producing hydrogen gas and a metal hydroxide.

Reactivity trend in Group 1

Reactivity of Group 1 metals increases as you go down the group due to increasing atomic size and electron shielding.

Storage of Group 1 metals

Group 1 metals are stored in oil to prevent them from reacting with oxygen and water vapor in the air.

Alkali metal definition

Alkali metals are called alkali metals because they form alkaline solutions when they react with water.

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Reactivity increase reason

The increasing reactivity of Group 1 metals down the group is due to the increasing distance between the nucleus and the outermost electron, making it easier to lose the outer electron.

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Subatomic Particles

The three fundamental particles that make up an atom are protons, neutrons, and electrons.

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Atomic Mass Location

The majority of an atom's mass is concentrated in the nucleus, which is composed of protons and neutrons.

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Neutron Charge

Neutrons have no charge; they are neutral.

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Proton Charge and Location

A proton carries a positive charge and is located within the nucleus of an atom.

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Isotope Definition

Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons. For example, carbon-12 and carbon-14 are isotopes of carbon.

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Isotope Example

Carbon has two common isotopes: carbon-12 and carbon-14. They differ in the number of neutrons (6 in C-12 and 8 in C-14).

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Atomic Mass Calculation

The average atomic mass of an element is calculated by taking into account the relative abundance of each isotope.

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Group 1 Metal Reactivity

Group 1 metals (alkali metals) become more reactive as you move down the group due to increased atomic size and shielding of the outermost electron.

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Average Atomic Mass

The weighted average of the atomic masses of all naturally occurring isotopes of an element.

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Isotopes

Atoms of the same element with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.

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Solid Particle Movement

Particles in a solid vibrate in place but do not move past each other. They are tightly packed in a fixed arrangement.

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Solid to Liquid Change

Particles in a solid gain energy, causing them to vibrate faster and break free from their fixed positions, allowing for more movement and less tightly packed arrangement.

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Molecular Mass

The sum of the atomic masses of all atoms in a molecule.

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Atomic Mass

The average mass of all naturally occurring isotopes of an element.

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Atomic Number

The number of protons in an atom, which determines the element's identity.

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Mass Number

The sum of protons and neutrons in an atom.

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Study Notes

Alkali Metals

  • Alkali metals react vigorously with water, producing hydrogen gas. Lithium, sodium, and potassium are examples.
  • The reaction forms metal hydroxides, which are strong bases.
  • Group 1 metals are stored in oil to prevent reaction with oxygen and water vapor.
  • Reactivity increases down the group due to increasing numbers of electron shells.
  • Alkali metals are named for the alkaline solutions they produce in water.
  • Reactivity increases as atomic size grows, the outer electron is further from the nucleus making it easier to lose
  • Hydrogen gas reacts with the alkali metals.

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Related Documents

Alkali Metals Practice Questions PDF
Alkali Metals Practice Questions PDF

Description

Test your knowledge on alkali metals and their reactions with water. This quiz covers the characteristics of group 1 metals, their reactivity trends, and the formation of hydroxides. Challenge yourself and learn more about these fascinating elements!

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