Chemistry Acid-Base Indicators Quiz

Questions and Answers

What chemicals contribute to the formation of acid rain?

Arsenic and chlorine

Carbon monoxide and methane

Carbon dioxide, sulphur dioxide, and nitrogen dioxide (correct)

Ozone and hydrogen sulfide

How does acid rain affect buildings and historical monuments?

It enhances the aesthetic appearance

It primarily affects windows by making them clearer

It promotes growth of algae on structures

It can cause physical erosion and structural damage (correct)

Which indicator is used to determine the acidity of a solution?

Methyl orange

Bromothymol blue

Universal indicator

Phenolphthalein (correct)

What is the effect of adding sodium hydroxide to an acidic solution?

It neutralizes the acid and may change the color of indicators Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the solution when hydrochloric acid is added to a solution that has become pink?

The solution changes to a colorless state Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the nature of acids?

They turn blue litmus red and can be corrosive Signup and view all the answers

What color does phenolphthalein turn in a basic solution?

Pink Signup and view all the answers

What type of damage can acid rain cause to plants?

Damage to soil pH balance and plant health Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the neutralisation reaction between an acid and a base?

Salt and water Signup and view all the answers

Which substance is commonly used to treat acidic soil?

Quick lime Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of factory wastes containing acids flowing into water bodies?

Death of aquatic organisms Signup and view all the answers

How can basic soil be effectively neutralised?

By incorporating organic matter Signup and view all the answers

What role does hydrochloric acid play in the human digestive system?

It aids in breaking down proteins Signup and view all the answers

What is acid rain primarily characterized by?

Excess of acids Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a source of acids that contribute to acid rain?

Vehicle emissions Signup and view all the answers

What is one significant environmental effect of acid rain?

Reduction in soil fertility Signup and view all the answers

How does acid rain affect aquatic ecosystems?

Hinders photosynthesis in aquatic plants Signup and view all the answers

What is a common measure taken to mitigate the effects of acid rain?

Reducing fossil fuel emissions Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true about the global impact of acid rain?

It can affect areas far from the source of pollutants. Signup and view all the answers

What role do trees play in relation to acid rain?

They can help absorb some acid rain effects. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following indicators would turn pink when exposed to an acidic solution in a test for acid rain?

China rose indicator Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Indicators and Acid-Base Solutions

Coffee Color and Taste: Coffee is brown and has a bitter flavor.
China Rose Indicator: Changes color based on pH; turns acidic solutions to dark pink (magenta) and basic solutions to green.
Testing Acidity and Basicity: Use solid baking soda to test acid-base reactions, suggesting solutions should be made rather than testing dry litmus paper directly.

Acid Rain

Definition: Rain containing excess acids is called acid rain.
Sources of Acids: Acids originate from pollutants like carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen dioxide that form carbonic, sulfuric, and nitric acids upon dissolving in rain.
Effects of Acid Rain: It damages buildings, historical monuments, plants, and animals.

Laboratory Safety

Handling Acids and Bases: Acids and bases are corrosive and can be harmful; handle with care and take necessary safety precautions.

Neutralization Process

Definition: Neutralization is the reaction between an acid and a base, producing salt and water with heat evolution.
- General Formula: Acid + Base → Salt + Water (Heat is released)
Example Reaction: Hydrochloric acid (HCl) reacts with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) to form sodium chloride (NaCl) and water (H2O).

Soil Treatment

Soil pH: Excessive chemical fertilizers can make soil acidic, hindering plant growth.
Correcting Soil pH:
- When soil is acidic: Treat with bases like calcium oxide (quick lime) or calcium hydroxide (slaked lime).
- When soil is basic: Add organic matter (compost) to introduce natural acids that neutralize alkalinity.

Indigestion

Body's Natural Acid: The stomach contains hydrochloric acid, aiding in food digestion.
Neutralization in the Body: Ingested basic substances can neutralize excess stomach acid during indigestion.

Factory Waste

Environmental Impact: Factory wastes often contain acids; if released into water bodies, they can harm marine life.
Waste Management: Neutralizing basic wastes is essential to prevent ecological damage.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the properties of acids and bases using indicators, specifically focusing on the China rose indicator. Explore how it reacts with various solutions as you answer questions about their acidity or basicity. This quiz will help deepen your understanding of acid-base chemistry.