Chemistry Acid-Base Concepts Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which statement best defines a Brønsted–Lowry acid?

A substance that releases hydroxide ions in solution.
A substance that dissociates completely in water.
A substance that accepts protons from other substances.
A proton donor in chemical reactions. (correct)

Weak acids dissociate completely in aqueous solution.

False (B)

What does the equilibrium constant $K_w$ represent?

$K_w$ represents the equilibrium constant of the dissociation of water, calculated as [H+][OH−].

A base is classified as a proton __________.

acceptor Signup and view all the answers

Match the following acid/base reactions with the correct classification:

HCl(g) → H+(aq) + Cl−(aq) = Strong Acid CH3COOH(aq) ↔ CH3COO−(aq) + H+(aq) = Weak Acid NaOH(s) → Na+(aq) + OH−(aq) = Strong Base NH3(aq) + H2O(l) ↔ NH4+(aq) + OH−(aq) = Weak Base Signup and view all the answers

What is the pH of a 0.100 mol/dm³ solution of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) at 298 K?

13.00 (A) Signup and view all the answers

Strong acids do not fully ionize in water.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for calculating pH?

pH = -log[H⁺] Signup and view all the answers

The strong diprotic acid mentioned is ______.

sulfuric acid Signup and view all the answers

Match the following acids and bases with their characteristics:

HCl = Strong monoprotic acid H₂SO₄ = Strong diprotic acid NaOH = Strong base that fully ionizes KOH = Strong base that fully ionizes Signup and view all the answers

What is the pH of a solution with a hydrogen ion concentration of 0.050 mol/dm³?

1.70 (B) Signup and view all the answers

The value of the ionic product of water, $K_w$, is constant for all temperatures.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula used to calculate pH?

pH = -log[H⁺] Signup and view all the answers

The dissociation of water produces ___ and hydroxide ions.

hydronium Signup and view all the answers

Match the following definitions with their corresponding terms:

Brønsted-Lowry acid = Proton donor Brønsted-Lowry base = Proton acceptor Acid (HA) + Water = Produces H₃O⁺ Base (B) + Water = Produces OH⁻ Signup and view all the answers

What is the pH of a 0.050 mol dm⁻³ solution of HNO3?

1.30 (A) Signup and view all the answers

Strong diprotic acids can release up to three protons.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the concentration of H+ ions in a 0.100 mol dm⁻³ solution of H2SO4?

0.200 mol dm⁻³ Signup and view all the answers

A solution with a pH of 2.45 has a concentration of [________] mol dm⁻³ of H+ ions.

3.5 x 10⁻³ Signup and view all the answers

Match the acid with its correct characteristics:

HCl = Strong monoprotic acid H2SO4 = Strong diprotic acid HNO3 = Strong monoprotic acid pH = 0.699 = pH of 0.100 mol dm⁻³ H2SO4 Signup and view all the answers

A solution with a higher pH has a higher concentration of hydrogen ions.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the hydrogen ion concentration for a solution with a pH of 3.00?

0.001 mol/dm3 Signup and view all the answers

The pH of a hydrochloric acid solution with a hydrogen ion concentration of 0.001 mol/dm3 is _____ .

3.00 Signup and view all the answers

Match the following pH values with their corresponding hydrogen ion concentrations:

pH 1.00 = 0.10 mol/dm3 pH 2.00 = 0.010 mol/dm3 pH 3.00 = 0.001 mol/dm3 pH 4.00 = 0.0001 mol/dm3 Signup and view all the answers

What is the pH of a sulfuric acid solution with a hydrogen ion concentration of 0.050 mol/dm3?

1.40 (A) Signup and view all the answers

The hydrogen ion concentration is directly proportional to the pH.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the concentration of hydrogen ions for a solution with a pH of 2.86?

0.013 mol/dm3 Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Acid

A substance that donates a proton (H+ ion) in a chemical reaction.

Base

A substance that accepts a proton (H+ ion) in a chemical reaction.