Chemistry 20 Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What is a compound?

A metal and a non-metal combined.

A pure substance formed from atoms of two or more elements. (correct)

A substance that dissolves in a solution.

A basic attribute you can observe with your senses.

What is an ionic compound?

A pure substance formed by a non-metal and a metal.

Define a covalent bond.

A bond formed by the simultaneous attraction of two nuclei for a shared pair of electrons.

What characterizes a molecular compound?

A pure substance formed by non-metals. Signup and view all the answers

What is a concentrated solution?

A solution containing a high ratio of solute to solution. Signup and view all the answers

What is a mole ratio?

The ratio of the coefficients in a balanced chemical equation. Signup and view all the answers

What is a qualitative property of a solution?

A basic attribute of a solution you can observe with one or more of the five senses. Signup and view all the answers

Define a solution.

A homogeneous mixture of dissolved substances that contains a solute and a solvent. Signup and view all the answers

What is a solute?

A substance in a solution whose bonds are broken by a solvent. Signup and view all the answers

What is a standard solution?

A solution having a precisely known concentration. Signup and view all the answers

Define a valence electron.

An electron that occupies the outermost energy level in an atom. Signup and view all the answers

What does the prefix indicate in the name of an organic molecule?

The number of carbon atoms in the molecule. Signup and view all the answers

What is a metal?

A malleable and ductile element that has luster, has good heat and electrical conductivity, and tends to form positive ions. Signup and view all the answers

Define an electron.

A negatively charged particle located in the region surrounding the nucleus of an atom. Signup and view all the answers

What is a neutron?

A neutrally charged particle located inside the nucleus. Signup and view all the answers

Define a proton.

A positively charged particle located inside the nucleus along with the neutron. Signup and view all the answers

What is an isotope?

A particular variety of an element as defined by its atomic mass. Signup and view all the answers

What is an ion?

An electrically charged atom or group of atoms. Signup and view all the answers

Define a cation.

A positively charged ion. Signup and view all the answers

What is an anion?

A negatively charged ion. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Compounds and Bonds

A compound is a pure substance made from atoms of two or more different elements.
An ionic compound consists of a non-metal and a metal, forming through electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions.
A covalent bond occurs when two nuclei simultaneously attract a shared pair of electrons, resulting in the formation of molecules.
A molecular compound is exclusively formed from non-metal elements.

Solutions and Concentrations

A concentrated solution has a high ratio of solute to solvent, indicating a strong presence of solute particles.
A solution is a homogeneous mixture where a solute is dissolved in a solvent, leading to uniform distribution of components.
The solute is the substance that dissolves in a solution, characterized by its bonds being broken by the solvent.
A standard solution has a known and precise concentration, essential for quantitative chemical analysis.

Chemical Properties and Ratios

Mole ratio refers to the proportional relationship of coefficients in a balanced chemical equation, crucial for stoichiometry.
A qualitative property of solution can be observed through the senses, detailing characteristics such as color, taste, and odor.

Atomic Structure and Subatomic Particles

Valence electrons are found in the outermost energy level of an atom and play a key role in chemical bonding.
Metals are malleable, ductile, and characterized by good electrical and thermal conductivity, often forming positive ions.
An electron is a negatively charged particle orbiting the nucleus, essential for chemical reactions and bonding.
A neutron is a neutrally charged particle located within the atomic nucleus, contributing to atomic mass.
A proton carries a positive charge and, along with neutrons, forms the nucleus of an atom.

Ions and Their Types

An isotope is a variant of an element defined by its atomic mass, displaying the same number of protons but differing numbers of neutrons.
An ion is an atom or group of atoms that has gained or lost electrons, resulting in an electrical charge.
A cation is a positively charged ion, formed when an atom loses one or more electrons.
An anion is a negatively charged ion, created when an atom gains one or more electrons.

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Description

Test your knowledge of key chemistry concepts with these flashcards. Covering important terms such as compounds, ionic compounds, covalent bonds, and molecular compounds, this quiz is ideal for students preparing for their Chemistry 20 exams.