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Questions and Answers
What is the strongest type of intermolecular force present in ammonia (NH3)?
What is the strongest type of intermolecular force present in ammonia (NH3)?
- Dispersion
- Dipole-dipole
- Hydrogen bonding (correct)
- Ion-dipole
- None of the above
What are the intermolecular forces present in ethylene glycol (C2H6O2)?
What are the intermolecular forces present in ethylene glycol (C2H6O2)?
- Dispersion only
- Dipole-dipole only
- Hydrogen bonding only
- Dispersion, dipole-dipole and hydrogen bonding (correct)
- Dipole-dipole and hydrogen bonding only
Identify the compound that does not have hydrogen bonding.
Identify the compound that does not have hydrogen bonding.
- CH4 (correct)
- H2O
- HF
- CH3CH2OH
- NH3
Place the following substances in order of decreasing boiling point: H2O, H2S, H2.
Place the following substances in order of decreasing boiling point: H2O, H2S, H2.
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Identify the substance with the highest boiling point.
Identify the substance with the highest boiling point.
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Study Notes
Intermolecular Forces in Ammonia
- Ammonia (NH3) exhibits hydrogen bonding as its strongest intermolecular force.
- Being a polar molecule, it also contains dipole-dipole interactions and dispersion forces.
Intermolecular Forces in Ethylene Glycol
- Ethylene glycol (C2H6O2) has dispersion, dipole-dipole, and hydrogen bonding as its intermolecular forces.
- Dispersion forces are universal across all molecules; dipole-dipole forces occur in polar compounds; and hydrogen bonds are present due to the hydrogen attached to electronegative atoms.
Hydrogen Bonding Presence
- The compound CH4 (methane) does not exhibit hydrogen bonding.
- Hydrogen bonding requires hydrogen to bond with highly electronegative elements like F, O, or N, which CH4 lacks.
Boiling Point Comparison
- The order of boiling points for substances: H2O > H2S > H2.
- Water (H2O) has the highest boiling point due to hydrogen bonding, while H2S has polar characteristics but lacks hydrogen bonding, and H2 is non-polar with the lowest boiling point.
Highest Boiling Point Substance
- HF (hydrogen fluoride) has the highest boiling point among the options due to its ability to form hydrogen bonds.
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