Chemical vs Physical Changes Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is an example of a chemical change?

  • Rusting of an almirah (correct)
  • Boiling of water to form steam
  • Cutting of trees
  • Melting of butter in a pan

    • What is the key difference between an element and a compound?

  • Elements can be broken down into simpler substances by chemical reactions, while compounds cannot.
  • Elements have unique physical and chemical properties, while compounds have variable physical and chemical properties.
  • Elements are defined by their atomic number, while compounds are defined by their molecular formula.
  • Elements are made up of only one type of atom, while compounds are made up of two or more types of atoms. (correct)

    • Which of the following is an example of a metalloid?

  • Oxygen
  • Hydrogen
  • Silicon (correct)
  • Copper

    • What type of change occurs when electric current is passed through water, causing it to break down into hydrogen and oxygen gases?

    <p>Chemical change</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a property of metals?

    <p>Ability to easily break apart</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which salt has the highest solubility at a given temperature?

    <p>Potassium nitrate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of increasing temperature on the solubility of a salt?

    <p>Solubility increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a saturated solution?

    <p>A solution containing the maximum amount of dissolved solute at a given temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a chemical change?

    <p>Rusting of iron</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a homogeneous mixture?

    <p>Soda water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a physical property of matter?

    <p>Flammability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of change occurs when a substance undergoes a chemical reaction?

    <p>Chemical change</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a physical change?

    <p>Melting of ice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the given table, which type of colloid is represented by milk?

    <p>Emulsion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the interconversion of states is true?

    <p>It is a physical change because the composition remains the same.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement is correct about the mixture obtained by Group I?

    <p>Its properties are the same as those of its constituents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key difference between the materials obtained by Group I and Group II?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the meaning of the term 'variable composition' in the context of mixtures?

    <p>The composition of a mixture can change depending on the proportions of its constituents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true about the compound obtained by Group II?

    <p>It has different properties compared to its constituent elements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the observation that the texture and color of the compound obtained by Group II are the same throughout?

    <p>It indicates that the compound is a pure substance with a fixed composition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which separation technique would be most appropriate for separating ammonium chloride from a mixture containing sodium chloride and ammonium chloride?

    <p>Differential solubility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If Pragya makes a saturated solution of potassium chloride in water at 353 K and allows it to cool to room temperature (293 K), what would she observe?

    <p>The solute would precipitate out of the solution.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If the solubility of potassium nitrate at 313 K is 62 grams per 100 grams of water, what mass of potassium nitrate would be needed to produce a saturated solution in 50 grams of water at the same temperature?

    <p>31 grams</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following changes involves a chemical reaction?

    <p>Electrolysis of water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Based on the solubility data provided, which salt exhibits the least change in solubility over the given temperature range?

    <p>Sodium chloride</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes a physical change?

    <p>A change in the physical state or appearance of a substance without altering its chemical composition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a compound is formed from two elements A and B, which of the following statements is true?

    <p>The properties of the compound are different from the properties of elements A and B</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about chemical reactions is incorrect?

    <p>Chemical reactions can only occur between compounds, not elements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the major difference between a solution and a suspension?

    <p>A solution is homogeneous, while a suspension is heterogeneous</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about colloids is correct?

    <p>Colloids are heterogeneous mixtures in which the particle size is small enough to scatter light but too large to be seen with the naked eye</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following mixtures is classified as a heterogeneous mixture?

    <p>A mixture of chalk powder and wheat flour</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following represents a physical change?

    <p>Dissolving sugar in water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of mixture is formed when a few drops of milk are added to water?

    <p>Heterogeneous mixture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following represents a chemical change?

    <p>Decomposition of calcium carbonate on heating</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the given activity, which group is most likely to form a homogeneous mixture?

    <p>Group A (50 mL water + 1 spatula copper sulfate)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following represents a change in the state of matter?

    <p>Melting of ice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following mixtures can be separated by physical means, such as filtration or evaporation?

    <p>A solution of salt dissolved in water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following represents a chemical property of matter?

    <p>The ability to undergo combustion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the given activity, which group is most likely to form a heterogeneous mixture with a non-uniform appearance?

    <p>Group C (chalk powder or wheat flour)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following represents a chemical reaction?

    <p>Burning of natural gas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    List three properties that metals typically exhibit.

    <p>Malleability, sonorousness, lustrousness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Identify the only metal that is liquid at room temperature.

    <p>Mercury</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are metalloids and provide two examples?

    <p>Elements with intermediate properties between metals and nonmetals; Boron, Silicon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    List three properties that are typically exhibited by non-metals.

    <p>Variety of colors, poor conductors of heat and electricity, not lustrous</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many naturally occurring elements are there, and how many elements are man-made?

    <p>92 naturally occurring elements, rest are man-made</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group obtained a material with magnetic properties?

    <p>Group I</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Can we separate the components of the material obtained by the two groups?

    <p>Yes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    On adding dilute sulphuric acid or dilute hydrochloric acid, did both the groups obtain a gas?

    <p>Yes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Did the gas obtained in both cases smell the same or different?

    <p>Different</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key difference between an element and a compound?

    <p>Elements are made of only one type of atom, while compounds are made of two or more different elements chemically bonded together.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the major difference between a mixture and a compound?

    <p>A mixture has a variable composition and can be separated easily by physical methods, whereas a compound has a fixed composition and can only be separated by chemical or electrochemical reactions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Explain the properties of a compound compared to its constituent elements.

    <p>A compound has a fixed composition throughout, with properties different from the elements that form it.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the characteristics of metals and metalloids?

    <p>Metals are typically shiny, malleable, and good conductors of heat and electricity, while metalloids exhibit properties intermediate between metals and non-metals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can non-metals be distinguished from metals?

    <p>Non-metals are generally not shiny, poor conductors of heat and electricity, and brittle in nature.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Describe the key differences between a homogeneous mixture and a heterogeneous mixture.

    <p>A homogeneous mixture has a uniform appearance and composition throughout, while a heterogeneous mixture has non-uniform appearance and varying compositions in different parts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the experimentally useful definition of an element established by Antoine Laurent Lavoisier?

    <p>An element is a basic form of matter that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical reactions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did Robert Boyle contribute to the classification of substances?

    <p>Robert Boyle was the first to use the term 'element' in 1661.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the main properties that metals typically exhibit?

    <p>Metals usually have a lustre, silvery-grey or golden-yellow color, conduct heat and electricity, and are ductile.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can elements be classified based on their chemical composition?

    <p>Elements can be classified as metals, non-metals, and metalloids.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was the first scientist to establish an experimentally useful definition of an element?

    <p>Antoine Laurent Lavoisier</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Explain the difference between a homogeneous mixture and a heterogeneous mixture using examples.

    <p>Homogeneous mixtures have uniform compositions, like solutions, while heterogeneous mixtures have non-uniform compositions with physically distinct parts, like mixtures of sodium chloride and iron filings.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Describe the properties of an alloy. Provide an example of an alloy and its composition.

    <p>Alloys are mixtures of two or more metals or a metal and a non-metal. They cannot be separated by physical methods, show properties of their constituents, and have variable compositions. An example is brass, which is approximately 30% zinc and 70% copper.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Differentiate between an element and a compound. Provide examples of each.

    <p>An element consists of only one type of atom and cannot be broken down further by chemical methods. A compound is composed of two or more elements chemically bonded in fixed proportions. For example, oxygen is an element, and water (H2O) is a compound.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Explain the properties typically exhibited by non-metals. Provide three examples of non-metals.

    <p>Non-metals are usually dull, brittle, poor conductors of heat and electricity, and have lower melting points compared to metals. Examples of non-metals include sulfur, carbon, and nitrogen.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are metalloids? Give two examples of metalloids and explain their properties.

    <p>Metalloids are elements that have properties intermediate between metals and non-metals. Two examples are silicon and arsenic. They exhibit characteristics of both metals and non-metals, such as semiconducting properties.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Explain why mercury is classified as a 'pure substance'?

    <p>Mercury is classified as a pure substance because it is a single element with a uniform composition.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can you differentiate between elements and compounds based on their composition?

    <p>Elements are substances made up of only one type of atom, while compounds are substances made up of two or more different types of atoms chemically bonded together.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Identify two metalloids and describe a characteristic property they exhibit.

    <p>Two examples of metalloids are silicon and germanium. Metalloids exhibit properties of both metals and non-metals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    List three properties that are typically exhibited by non-metals.

    <p>Non-metals are generally dull in appearance, poor conductors of heat and electricity, and brittle in solid form.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Explain why iron is considered a 'pure substance' despite being a common metal.

    <p>Iron is considered a pure substance because it is a single element with a uniform composition, consisting of only iron atoms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What separation techniques would you apply to separate small pieces of metal in the engine oil of a car?

    <p>Filtration or magnetic separation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How would you separate butter from curd?

    <p>Churning or centrifugation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which element is liquid at room temperature?

    <p>Mercury</p> Signup and view all the answers

    List three properties typically exhibited by non-metals.

    <p>Dull appearance, poor conductors of heat and electricity, brittle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which metalloid is commonly used in semiconductors?

    <p>Silicon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of change occurs when a substance undergoes a chemical reaction?

    <p>Chemical change</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Identify a compound formed from two elements A and B.

    <p>Compound AB</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of increasing temperature on the solubility of a salt?

    <p>Generally increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    List three properties that metals typically exhibit.

    <p>Luster, malleability, conductivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which salt has the highest solubility at 293 K?

    <p>Potassium nitrate</p> Signup and view all the answers

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