Chemical Recycling by Prokaryotes
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Questions and Answers

What is the main role of chemoheterotrophic prokaryotes in ecosystems?

  • Decrease the availability of nutrients
  • Break down dead organisms and waste products (correct)
  • Act as hosts for pathogens
  • Increase the availability of nutrients

Which term describes the relationship between two species where one benefits while the other is neither harmed nor helped?

  • Parasitism
  • Mutualism
  • Ammensalism
  • Commensalism (correct)

What is the main difference between exotoxins and endotoxins released by pathogenic bacteria?

  • Type of proteins secreted
  • Location of toxins within the cell
  • Effect on the host organism
  • Source of toxins (correct)

How do mutualistic bacteria in human intestines benefit the host?

<p>Aid in food digestion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of symbiosis involves harming but not killing the host organism?

<p>Parasitism (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of Gram-positive bacteria in causing diseases?

<p>Secrete exotoxins outside the cell (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the size range of most prokaryotic cells?

<p>0.5–5 µm (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common shape of prokaryotic cells?

<p>Spheres (cocci) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic that distinguishes prokaryotes from eukaryotes?

<p>Presence of a nucleus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term is used to describe rod-shaped bacteria?

<p>Bacilli (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What structures contribute to the success of prokaryotes?

<p>Cell-Surface Structures (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which domain do prokaryotes belong to?

<p>Archaea (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of oxygen in metabolism for obligate anaerobes?

<p>Obligate anaerobes are killed by O2 and must survive without it (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which bacteria group includes organisms that do not have a cell wall?

<p>Chlamydias (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of bacteria are Mycoplasma and Chlamydia in terms of their nutritional requirements?

<p>Chemoheterotrophs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which bacterial group is known for containing pathogens that can cause blood poisoning and stomach ulcers?

<p>Epsilon-proteobacteria (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what kind of environment do extreme halophiles live?

<p>Highly saline environments (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which bacteria group includes sulfur bacteria such as Thiomargarita namibiensis?

<p>Proteobacteria (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of nitogen fixation in prokaryotes?

<p>Convert atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia for absorption by organisms (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of bacteria are Actinomycetes known to be in terms of their role in soil?

<p>Decomposers of soil (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which bacterial group includes the causative agent of Lyme disease?

<p>Spirochetes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the nutritional characteristic of Cyanobacteria?

<p>Photoautotrophs utilizing light energy for photosynthesis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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