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Questions and Answers
What is the definition of a chemical reaction?
What type of reaction is 2H2 + O2 → 2H2O?
What is the purpose of coefficients in a chemical equation?
What is the law that governs the balancing of chemical equations?
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What is the correct sequence of steps to balance a chemical equation?
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What is the type of reaction in which a single compound breaks down into two or more simpler substances?
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What symbol is used to indicate the direction of a chemical reaction?
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What is the term for the substances that undergo a chemical change in a reaction?
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What is the type of reaction in which one element displaces another element from a compound?
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What is the term for the substances formed as a result of a chemical reaction?
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Study Notes
Chemical Reactions
- A chemical reaction is a process in which one or more substances are converted into new substances.
- Chemical reactions involve the transformation of reactants into products.
Types of Chemical Reactions
-
Synthesis Reaction: A reaction in which two or more substances combine to form a new compound.
- Example: 2H2 + O2 → 2H2O
-
Decomposition Reaction: A reaction in which a single compound breaks down into two or more simpler substances.
- Example: 2H2O → 2H2 + O2
-
Single Displacement Reaction: A reaction in which one element displaces another element from a compound.
- Example: Zn + CuSO4 → ZnSO4 + Cu
-
Double Displacement Reaction: A reaction in which two compounds exchange partners, resulting in the formation of two new compounds.
- Example: NaCl + AgNO3 → NaNO3 + AgCl
-
Combustion Reaction: A reaction in which a substance reacts with oxygen to produce heat and light.
- Example: 2CH4 + 3O2 → 2CO2 + 3H2O
Chemical Equations
- A chemical equation is a representation of a chemical reaction using chemical formulas and symbols.
- Chemical equations must be balanced, meaning the number of atoms of each element must be the same on both the reactant and product sides.
Writing Chemical Equations
- Reactants: The substances that undergo a chemical change in a reaction.
- Products: The substances formed as a result of a chemical reaction.
- Arrow: Represented by →, indicates the direction of the reaction.
- Coefficients: Numbers placed in front of formulas of reactants or products to balance the equation.
- States of Matter: Indicated by (s) for solid, (l) for liquid, (g) for gas, and (aq) for aqueous solution.
Balancing Chemical Equations
- Law of Conservation of Mass: Matter cannot be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction.
-
Balancing Steps:
- Write the unbalanced equation.
- Count the atoms of each element on both sides.
- Add coefficients to balance the equation.
- Check the equation to ensure it is balanced.
Chemical Reactions
- A chemical reaction is a process that converts one or more substances into new substances.
Types of Chemical Reactions
- Synthesis Reaction: Two or more substances combine to form a new compound, e.g., 2H2 + O2 → 2H2O.
- Decomposition Reaction: A single compound breaks down into two or more simpler substances, e.g., 2H2O → 2H2 + O2.
- Single Displacement Reaction: One element displaces another element from a compound, e.g., Zn + CuSO4 → ZnSO4 + Cu.
- Double Displacement Reaction: Two compounds exchange partners, forming two new compounds, e.g., NaCl + AgNO3 → NaNO3 + AgCl.
- Combustion Reaction: A substance reacts with oxygen to produce heat and light, e.g., 2CH4 + 3O2 → 2CO2 + 3H2O.
Chemical Equations
- A chemical equation represents a chemical reaction using chemical formulas and symbols.
- Chemical equations must be balanced, ensuring the number of atoms of each element is the same on both the reactant and product sides.
Writing Chemical Equations
- Reactants: Substances that undergo a chemical change in a reaction.
- Products: Substances formed as a result of a chemical reaction.
- Arrow: Represented by →, indicating the direction of the reaction.
- Coefficients: Numbers placed in front of formulas of reactants or products to balance the equation.
- States of Matter: Indicated by (s) for solid, (l) for liquid, (g) for gas, and (aq) for aqueous solution.
Balancing Chemical Equations
- Law of Conservation of Mass: Matter cannot be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction.
-
Balancing Steps:
- Write the unbalanced equation.
- Count the atoms of each element on both sides.
- Add coefficients to balance the equation.
- Check the equation to ensure it is balanced.
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Description
Learn about the different types of chemical reactions, including synthesis and decomposition reactions, and how they involve the transformation of reactants into products.