Chemical Reactions: Types, Characteristics, and Factors

Study Notes

Chemical Reactions

Types of Chemical Reactions

Combination Reaction: Two or more substances combine to form a new substance.
- Example: 2H2 + O2 → 2H2O
Decomposition Reaction: A single substance breaks down into two or more substances.
- Example: 2H2O → 2H2 + O2
Displacement Reaction: One element displaces another element from a compound.
- Example: Zn + CuSO4 → ZnSO4 + Cu
Oxidation-Reduction Reaction: Loss of electrons (oxidation) and gain of electrons (reduction) occur simultaneously.
- Example: 2Mg + O2 → 2MgO

Characteristics of Chemical Reactions

Chemical Equation: A representation of a chemical reaction using symbols and formulas.
- Example: Ca + O2 → CaO
Reactants: Substances that react to form products.
Products: Substances formed as a result of a chemical reaction.
Catalyst: A substance that speeds up a chemical reaction without being consumed.
- Example: MnO2 in the decomposition of H2O2

Factors Affecting Chemical Reactions

Concentration: Increasing the concentration of reactants increases the rate of reaction.
Temperature: Increasing the temperature increases the rate of reaction.
Surface Area: Increasing the surface area of reactants increases the rate of reaction.
Pressure: Increasing the pressure increases the rate of reaction.
Catalyst: Presence of a catalyst increases the rate of reaction.

Chemical Reaction Rates

Rate of Reaction: The speed at which a chemical reaction occurs.
Factors Affecting Rate of Reaction: Concentration, temperature, surface area, pressure, and catalyst.
Collision Theory: Reactant molecules collide to form products, and the rate of reaction increases with increased collisions.

Description

This quiz covers the basics of chemical reactions, including types of reactions, characteristics, factors affecting reactions, and reaction rates. Understand the different types of reactions, chemical equations, reactants, products, and catalysts.