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Questions and Answers
What indicates that a chemical reaction has taken place?
What indicates that a chemical reaction has taken place?
- Change in state (correct)
- No change in colour
- No gas evolved
- No temperature change
The new substance formed in a chemical reaction is called a reactant.
The new substance formed in a chemical reaction is called a reactant.
False (B)
What is the word-equation for the reaction of magnesium with oxygen?
What is the word-equation for the reaction of magnesium with oxygen?
Magnesium + Oxygen → Magnesium oxide
The substances that undergo chemical change are called ______.
The substances that undergo chemical change are called ______.
Match the substances with their categories:
Match the substances with their categories:
Which of the following is NOT a type of observation that indicates a chemical reaction?
Which of the following is NOT a type of observation that indicates a chemical reaction?
The arrow in a word-equation indicates the transition from products to reactants.
The arrow in a word-equation indicates the transition from products to reactants.
What is produced when magnesium burns in oxygen?
What is produced when magnesium burns in oxygen?
What are the products of the decomposition of ferrous sulphate when heated?
What are the products of the decomposition of ferrous sulphate when heated?
Thermal decomposition reactions require heating to occur.
Thermal decomposition reactions require heating to occur.
What does the thermal decomposition of calcium carbonate produce?
What does the thermal decomposition of calcium carbonate produce?
Heating ferrous sulphate results in the emission of _____ gases.
Heating ferrous sulphate results in the emission of _____ gases.
Match the following products with their corresponding reactions:
Match the following products with their corresponding reactions:
Which solid is produced from the thermal decomposition of calcium carbonate?
Which solid is produced from the thermal decomposition of calcium carbonate?
The emission of brown fumes occurs when heating lead nitrate.
The emission of brown fumes occurs when heating lead nitrate.
What is calcium oxide commonly known as?
What is calcium oxide commonly known as?
What type of energy causes the decomposition of AgCl and AgBr in sunlight?
What type of energy causes the decomposition of AgCl and AgBr in sunlight?
The decomposition reactions described are endothermic reactions.
The decomposition reactions described are endothermic reactions.
Write the reaction of barium hydroxide with ammonium chloride.
Write the reaction of barium hydroxide with ammonium chloride.
The gas produced in the reaction of silver bromide is ______.
The gas produced in the reaction of silver bromide is ______.
In the activity with copper sulfate solution, what happens to the iron nails?
In the activity with copper sulfate solution, what happens to the iron nails?
The gas produced during the decomposition of silver chloride is Cl2.
The gas produced during the decomposition of silver chloride is Cl2.
Name the substance 'X' used for white washing.
Name the substance 'X' used for white washing.
Match the following substances with their corresponding products:
Match the following substances with their corresponding products:
What type of reaction is characterized by the release of heat?
What type of reaction is characterized by the release of heat?
Respiration is an endothermic process.
Respiration is an endothermic process.
What is released during an exothermic reaction?
What is released during an exothermic reaction?
The reaction of glucose with oxygen produces carbon dioxide, water, and __________.
The reaction of glucose with oxygen produces carbon dioxide, water, and __________.
Match the chemical reaction with its description:
Match the chemical reaction with its description:
Which of the following is NOT an example of an exothermic reaction?
Which of the following is NOT an example of an exothermic reaction?
What happens to ferrous sulphate crystals when heated?
What happens to ferrous sulphate crystals when heated?
Exothermic reactions can occur without a change in substance.
Exothermic reactions can occur without a change in substance.
Which of the following is an example of a decomposition reaction?
Which of the following is an example of a decomposition reaction?
Respiration is considered an endothermic reaction.
Respiration is considered an endothermic reaction.
Define a precipitation reaction and provide an example.
Define a precipitation reaction and provide an example.
In the reaction of magnesium with hydrochloric acid, the products formed are magnesium ________ and ________.
In the reaction of magnesium with hydrochloric acid, the products formed are magnesium ________ and ________.
Match the following terms with their definitions:
Match the following terms with their definitions:
What is the outcome of the reaction between copper metal and silver nitrate?
What is the outcome of the reaction between copper metal and silver nitrate?
Endothermic reactions absorb energy from their surroundings.
Endothermic reactions absorb energy from their surroundings.
List one reason why iron articles are painted.
List one reason why iron articles are painted.
Study Notes
Observations of Chemical Reactions
- Observing temperature changes in conical flasks or test tubes can indicate a chemical reaction.
- Key signs of a chemical reaction include:
- Change in state (solid, liquid, gas)
- Change in color
- Evolution of gas (bubbling, fizzing)
- Change in temperature
Chemical Equations
- Word equations provide a concise way to summarize chemical reactions.
- Example: Magnesium + Oxygen → Magnesium oxide shows reactants and products clearly.
- Reactants are placed on the left side with a plus sign (+), while products are on the right with an arrow indicating the reaction direction.
Types of Reactions
-
Exothermic Reactions: Release heat during product formation.
- Example: Burning of natural gas (CH₄ + 2O₂ → CO₂ + 2H₂O).
- Respiration is also exothermic, where glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆) is broken down into carbon dioxide, water, and energy.
- Decomposition of vegetable matter into compost is an exothermic process.
-
Decomposition Reactions: Involve a single reactant breaking down into simpler products.
- Example: Heating ferrous sulfate (2FeSO₄) produces ferric oxide (Fe₂O₃), sulfur dioxide (SO₂), and sulfur trioxide (SO₃).
- Thermal decomposition occurs when heat is applied, like calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) breaking down into calcium oxide (CaO) and carbon dioxide (CO₂) upon heating.
-
Endothermic Reactions: Absorb energy, usually in the form of heat, light, or electricity.
- Example: Barium hydroxide and ammonium chloride reaction absorbs heat, making the mixture feel cold.
Displacement Reactions
- Involve one element or ion displacing another in a compound.
- Example: Iron nails immersed in copper sulfate solution exhibit displacement reaction where copper is deposited on the iron nails.
Key Concepts in Reactions
- Precipitation Reaction: Formation of an insoluble substance (precipitate) when mixing certain solutions.
- Oxidation and Reduction: Defined in terms of gain or loss of oxygen.
- Oxidation: Gain of oxygen (e.g. Fe to Fe₂O₃).
- Reduction: Loss of oxygen (e.g. CuO to Cu).
Practical Applications
- Painting iron to prevent corrosion by creating a protective barrier.
- Flushing oil and fat-containing food items with nitrogen to prevent rancidity, prolonging shelf life.
Experimental Activity
- Analyze temperature changes when reacting substances like potassium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, anhydrous copper sulfate, and iron fillings in separate beakers to identify which reactions are exothermic or endothermic.
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Description
This quiz covers the fundamental aspects of chemical reactions, including the observations that indicate a reaction, the structure of chemical equations, and the various types of reactions such as exothermic processes. Learn about temperature changes, state changes, and how to represent reactants and products effectively.
