Chemical Reactions & Equations

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Questions and Answers

What is a chemical formula?

A group of chemical symbols and numbers that represent the elements and the number of atoms of each element that make up a compound.

What is a chemical equation?

A representation of a chemical reaction that uses symbols to show the relationship between the reactants and the products.

What are reactants?

Elements or compounds that enter into a chemical reaction.

What are products?

The elements or compounds produced by a chemical reaction. Signup and view all the answers

What are coefficients?

The numbers that appear before the formulas. Signup and view all the answers

What are subscripts?

Numbers written below the line that tell how many atoms of a given type are in a compound. Signup and view all the answers

What is a molecular formula?

A chemical formula that shows the number and kinds of atoms in a molecule, but not the arrangement of the atoms. Signup and view all the answers

What is a balanced equation?

A chemical equation in which mass is conserved; each side of the equation has the same number of atoms of each element. Signup and view all the answers

What is a precipitate?

A solid that forms from a solution during a chemical reaction. Signup and view all the answers

What is a molecule?

A group of atoms held together by covalent bonds. Signup and view all the answers

What is a compound?

A substance made up of atoms of two or more different elements joined by chemical bonds. Signup and view all the answers

What is the law of conservation of mass?

The principle that the total amount of matter is constant during any physical or chemical change. Signup and view all the answers

What is an element?

A pure substance made of only one kind of atom. Signup and view all the answers

What type of reaction is represented by 2Mg + 1O2 → MgO?

Synthesis Signup and view all the answers

What type of reaction is represented by 2H2O2 → 2H2O + 1O2?

Decomposition Signup and view all the answers

What type of reaction is represented by 1Mg + 2HCl → 1MgCl2 + 1H2?

Single Replacement Signup and view all the answers

What type of reaction is represented by NaOH + HCl → NaCl + HOH?

Double Replacement Signup and view all the answers

What does balancing chemical equations involve?

Keeping mass of products and reactants the same by adjusting coefficients as necessary. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Chemical Terminology

Chemical Formula: Represents elements and the number of atoms present in a compound.
Chemical Equation: Symbolic representation showing the relationship between reactants and products.
Reactants: Elements or compounds entering a reaction.
Products: Elements or compounds resulting from a chemical reaction.

Chemical Components

Coefficients: Numbers placed before chemical formulas to indicate quantity.
Subscripts: Numbers below chemical symbols indicating the number of atoms in a compound.
Molecular Formula: Indicates types and amounts of atoms in a molecule, without specifying arrangement.

Reaction Types

Balanced Equation: An equation where the number of atoms for each element is the same on both sides.
Precipitate: A solid formed from a solution in a chemical reaction.

Laws of Chemistry

Law of Conservation of Mass: Total mass remains constant in physical and chemical changes, indicating matter is neither created nor destroyed.
Element: A pure substance consisting of one type of atom.

Types of Reactions

Synthesis: Combines simple reactants into more complex products (A+B → AB).
Decomposition: A single compound breaks down into simpler products (AB → A + B).
Single Replacement: An element replaces another in a compound (AB + C → A + BC).
Double Replacement: Two compounds exchange partners (AB + CD → AC + BD).
Combustion: Rapid reaction with oxygen, typically producing heat and light.

Reaction Classification Examples

Synthesis Example: 2Mg + 1O₂ → MgO.
Decomposition Example: 2H₂O₂ → 2H₂O + 1O₂.
Single Replacement Example: 1Mg + 2HCl → 1MgCl₂ + 1H₂.
Double Replacement Example: NaOH + HCl → NaCl + H₂O.

Balancing Chemical Equations

Balancing involves adjusting coefficients to maintain equal atoms of each element on both sides.
Example of balancing: The equation CaO + H₂O → Ca(OH)₂ is balanced.

Concept Applications

Using relatable scenarios for reaction types:
- Synthesis: A new couple forms at a prom.
- Decomposition: A couple breaks up at a prom.
- Single Replacement: A couple switches partners with a single student.
- Double Replacement: Two couples switch partners, forming new couples.

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Description

Test your knowledge on chemical reactions by balancing equations and classifying different types of reactions. This quiz will help reinforce key concepts such as chemical formulas and equations, as well as terminology related to reactants and products.