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Questions and Answers
What is the primary purpose of immersing the iron nails in copper sulphate solution?
What is the primary purpose of immersing the iron nails in copper sulphate solution?
What observable change indicates a reaction has taken place after immersing the iron nails in the copper sulphate solution?
What observable change indicates a reaction has taken place after immersing the iron nails in the copper sulphate solution?
What is done with the iron nail kept aside during the experiment?
What is done with the iron nail kept aside during the experiment?
How long should the iron nails be immersed in the copper sulphate solution for the experiment?
How long should the iron nails be immersed in the copper sulphate solution for the experiment?
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What material is used to tie the iron nails together in the experiment?
What material is used to tie the iron nails together in the experiment?
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What is the result of heating calcium carbonate during decomposition?
What is the result of heating calcium carbonate during decomposition?
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Which term describes a decomposition reaction that occurs due to heat?
Which term describes a decomposition reaction that occurs due to heat?
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What is calcium oxide commonly referred to as?
What is calcium oxide commonly referred to as?
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During the decomposition of lead nitrate, which gas is released?
During the decomposition of lead nitrate, which gas is released?
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Which of the following statements is true about ferric oxide and sulfur oxides?
Which of the following statements is true about ferric oxide and sulfur oxides?
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What chemical compound is formed when magnesium reacts with oxygen?
What chemical compound is formed when magnesium reacts with oxygen?
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Which observation indicates that a chemical reaction has occurred during the activities described?
Which observation indicates that a chemical reaction has occurred during the activities described?
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What should be handled with care while performing the zinc granules activity?
What should be handled with care while performing the zinc granules activity?
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What does the reaction between zinc granules and dilute acid primarily produce?
What does the reaction between zinc granules and dilute acid primarily produce?
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What is the purpose of writing a chemical reaction as a word-equation?
What is the purpose of writing a chemical reaction as a word-equation?
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Which of the following indicates a change in state during a chemical reaction?
Which of the following indicates a change in state during a chemical reaction?
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Which observation is NOT typically linked to a chemical reaction?
Which observation is NOT typically linked to a chemical reaction?
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What is the primary reactant in the formation of hydrogen gas by the action of dilute sulphuric acid?
What is the primary reactant in the formation of hydrogen gas by the action of dilute sulphuric acid?
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What occurs when copper powder is heated in the presence of oxygen?
What occurs when copper powder is heated in the presence of oxygen?
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In the reaction where copper(II) oxide is heated with hydrogen, what happens to the copper(II) oxide?
In the reaction where copper(II) oxide is heated with hydrogen, what happens to the copper(II) oxide?
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Which statement best defines an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction?
Which statement best defines an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction?
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During the reduction of copper(II) oxide by hydrogen, which of the following occurs?
During the reduction of copper(II) oxide by hydrogen, which of the following occurs?
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What is the observed color change when the black coating on copper(II) oxide is treated with hydrogen gas?
What is the observed color change when the black coating on copper(II) oxide is treated with hydrogen gas?
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What is produced when sodium hydroxide solution reacts with hydrochloric acid solution?
What is produced when sodium hydroxide solution reacts with hydrochloric acid solution?
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Which of the following describes a combination reaction?
Which of the following describes a combination reaction?
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What happens when calcium oxide reacts with water?
What happens when calcium oxide reacts with water?
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How does slaked lime contribute to the whitewashing process?
How does slaked lime contribute to the whitewashing process?
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Which of the following statements about chemical reactions is accurate?
Which of the following statements about chemical reactions is accurate?
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What happens during the combination reaction of calcium oxide with water?
What happens during the combination reaction of calcium oxide with water?
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Which statement regarding sodium chloride is correct?
Which statement regarding sodium chloride is correct?
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What is a notable characteristic of the reaction between calcium oxide and water?
What is a notable characteristic of the reaction between calcium oxide and water?
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What is the primary type of reaction represented by the equation Fe2O3 + 2Al → Al2O3 + 2Fe?
What is the primary type of reaction represented by the equation Fe2O3 + 2Al → Al2O3 + 2Fe?
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What are the products formed when dilute hydrochloric acid is added to iron fillings?
What are the products formed when dilute hydrochloric acid is added to iron fillings?
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Which of the following statements correctly describes oxidation?
Which of the following statements correctly describes oxidation?
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What is the balanced equation for the reaction of calcium hydroxide with carbon dioxide?
What is the balanced equation for the reaction of calcium hydroxide with carbon dioxide?
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In the reaction NaOH + H2SO4 → Na2SO4 + H2O, what type of reaction is this?
In the reaction NaOH + H2SO4 → Na2SO4 + H2O, what type of reaction is this?
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What is the product when aluminum reacts with copper chloride?
What is the product when aluminum reacts with copper chloride?
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Why is it necessary to balance chemical equations?
Why is it necessary to balance chemical equations?
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Which of the following is an example of a decomposition reaction?
Which of the following is an example of a decomposition reaction?
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Study Notes
Chemical Reactions and Equations
- Chemical reactions involve changes in the nature and identity of substances
- Chemical reactions can be represented by equations
- Chemical reactions involve the rearrangement of atoms
- Key indicators of chemical reactions include: changes in state, color, temperature, and gas evolution
- Chemical reactions are represented with chemical formulas instead of words for conciseness
Activity 1.1
- CAUTION: Students should wear safety glasses when assisting with this activity
- Clean a magnesium ribbon (3-4 cm long) with sandpaper
- Hold the ribbon with tongs and burn it with a spirit lamp or burner.
- Collect the ash in a watch glass. Observe the change in magnesium ribbon before burning and after burning.
Activity 1.2
- Lead nitrate solution and potassium iodide solution are mixed in a test tube.
- Observe any changes such as color or precipitate formation.
Activity 1.3
- Zinc granules are placed in a conical flask or test tube
- Add dilute hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid.
- Observe any reactions (such as gas evolution or change in temperature)
- CAUTION: Handle the acid with care
Word Equations
- Show reactants and products, but are not as concise as chemical equations.
Chemical Equations
- Use chemical formulas instead of words.
- Indicate physical states (g, l, s, aq), with (aq) meaning dissolved in water (aqueous solutions)
- Balanced chemical equations equate the number of atoms of each element on both sides.
Balancing Chemical Equations
- Chemical reactions follow the law of conservation of mass: mass cannot be created or destroyed.
- Therefore, chemical equations must be balanced.
- Use coefficients to balance the number of atoms of each element on both sides of the equation.
Types of Chemical Reactions
- Combination reaction: Two or more substances combine to form a single product. Example: CaO + H₂O → Ca(OH)₂
- Decomposition reaction: A single substance breaks down into two or more simpler substances. Example: 2FeSO₄ → Fe₂O₃ + SO₂ + SO₃
- Displacement reaction: An element replaces another element in a compound. Example: Fe + CuSO₄ → FeSO₄ + Cu
- Double Displacement reaction:Two compounds react, exchanging ions to form two new compounds. Example: Na₂SO₄ + BaCl₂ → BaSO₄ + 2NaCl
Oxidation and Reduction (Redox) Reactions
- Oxidation: Gain of oxygen or loss of hydrogen
- Reduction: Loss of oxygen or gain of hydrogen
- These reactions often occur together. Example: 2Cu + O₂ → 2CuO (oxidation). CuO + H₂ → Cu + H₂O (reduction)
Corrosion
- Oxidation of metals, particularly iron, over time.
- Rust is a common form of iron corrosion.
Rancidity
- Oxidation of fats and oils, causing a disagreeable smell and taste.
- Substances called antioxidants can help prevent rancidity.
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Description
This quiz covers the basics of chemical reactions and equations, including how substances change during reactions. Students will explore various activities to observe and understand the changes that occur when different chemicals are mixed or burnt. Engage with hands-on examples and deepen your knowledge of chemical identities and transformations.
