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Questions and Answers
Which of the following actions will NOT increase the rate of a chemical reaction?
Which of the following actions will NOT increase the rate of a chemical reaction?
- Increasing the surface area of solid reactants
- Adding a catalyst to the reaction
- Decreasing the concentration of reactants (correct)
- Increasing the temperature of the reaction
In a balanced chemical equation, the number of atoms of each element must be the same on both the reactant and product sides.
In a balanced chemical equation, the number of atoms of each element must be the same on both the reactant and product sides.
True (A)
Identify the missing product in the following combustion reaction: $CH_4 + 2O_2 \rightarrow CO_2 + $ _______
Identify the missing product in the following combustion reaction: $CH_4 + 2O_2 \rightarrow CO_2 + $ _______
$2H_2O$
The phase transition from a solid to a gas is called ____________.
The phase transition from a solid to a gas is called ____________.
Match the type of chemical reaction with its general form:
Match the type of chemical reaction with its general form:
What type of reaction is represented by the following equation? $2H_2O(l) \rightarrow 2H_2(g) + O_2(g)$
What type of reaction is represented by the following equation? $2H_2O(l) \rightarrow 2H_2(g) + O_2(g)$
Acids have a pH greater than 7.
Acids have a pH greater than 7.
What is the name of the ionic compound formed between sodium (Na) and chlorine (Cl)?
What is the name of the ionic compound formed between sodium (Na) and chlorine (Cl)?
A substance that speeds up a chemical reaction without being consumed in the process is called a ________.
A substance that speeds up a chemical reaction without being consumed in the process is called a ________.
If you dissolve 2 moles of NaCl in 4 liters of water, what is the molarity of the solution?
If you dissolve 2 moles of NaCl in 4 liters of water, what is the molarity of the solution?
Flashcards
Conservation of Mass
Conservation of Mass
Mass in a chemical reaction is conserved; the total mass of reactants equals the total mass of products. Balanced by adjusting coefficients.
Synthesis Reaction
Synthesis Reaction
Two or more reactants combine to form a single product: A + B → AB
Decomposition Reaction
Decomposition Reaction
A single reactant breaks down into two or more products: AB → A + B
Single Replacement Reaction
Single Replacement Reaction
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Double Replacement Reaction
Double Replacement Reaction
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Combustion Reaction
Combustion Reaction
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Temperature's Effect on Reaction Rate
Temperature's Effect on Reaction Rate
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Concentration's Effect on Reaction Rate
Concentration's Effect on Reaction Rate
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Surface Area's Effect on Reaction Rate
Surface Area's Effect on Reaction Rate
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Catalysts
Catalysts
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Study Notes
- Mass of reactants must equal the mass of products in a chemical reaction
- Balance equations by adjusting coefficients
Classifying Reactions
- Synthesis: A + B → AB
- Decomposition: AB → A + B
- Single Replacement: A + BC → B + AC
- Double Replacement: AB + CD → AD + CB
- Combustion: Hydrocarbon + O₂ → CO₂ + H₂O
Ionic Compounds: Naming and Properties
- Named using metal + nonmetal (-ide) or polyatomic ions
- High melting/boiling points
- Conduct electricity when dissolved in water
Factors Affecting Reaction Rates
- Temperature: Higher temp = faster reaction
- Concentration: More particles = more collisions
- Surface Area: Smaller pieces react faster
- Catalysts: Speed up reactions without being consumed
- Pressure (gases only): Higher pressure = faster reaction
Phase Transitions
- Endothermic (absorbs heat): Melting, evaporation, sublimation
- Exothermic (releases heat): Freezing, condensation, deposition
Molarity (M)
- Concentration of a solution: M = moles of solute/liters of solution
Acids and Bases
- Acids: pH < 7, taste sour, donate H⁺ (HCl, H₂SO₄)
- Bases: pH > 7, taste bitter, accept H⁺ or release OH⁻ (NaOH, NH₃)
- Neutralization: Acid + Base → Salt + Water
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