Podcast Beta
Questions and Answers
What type of bond is formed between the carbon and hydrogen atoms in propane?
What is the difference between a cation and an anion?
What is the balanced equation for the combustion of propane?
What is the product of the combustion reaction of ethanol (C2H5OH)?
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What type of bond is formed between the oxygen atoms in oxygen gas (O2)?
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Study Notes
Chemical Reactions
- Propane (C3H8) reacts with oxygen (O2) to produce carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O)
- The balanced chemical equation for this reaction is: C3H8 + 5O2 → 3CO2 + 4H2O
Types of Chemical Bonds
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Covalent bonds: formed when two atoms share one or more pairs of electrons
- Example: Hydrogen molecule (H2) forms a covalent bond when two hydrogen atoms share two electrons
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Ionic bonds: formed when one or more electrons are transferred from one atom to another, resulting in ions with opposite charges
- Example: Sodium chloride (NaCl or table salt) forms an ionic bond when sodium loses an electron to become Na+ and chlorine gains an electron to become Cl-
Ions
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Cations: positively charged ions, formed when an atom loses one or more electrons
- Example: Sodium (Na) becomes Na+ when it loses an electron
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Anions: negatively charged ions, formed when an atom gains one or more electrons
- Example: Chlorine (Cl) becomes Cl- when it gains an electron
Balancing Chemical Equations
- The equation C2H5OH + O2 → CO2 + H2O needs to be balanced
- The balanced equation is: C2H5OH + 3O2 → 2CO2 + 3H2O
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Description
Balance chemical equations and explain the difference between ionic and covalent bonds. Identify cations and anions, and understand the reaction between propane and oxygen.
