Chemical Reactions and Bonding
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Questions and Answers

What type of bond is formed between the carbon and hydrogen atoms in propane?

  • Electrostatic bond
  • Van der Waals bond
  • Covalent bond (correct)
  • Ionic bond

    • What is the difference between a cation and an anion?

  • A cation is a negatively charged ion, while an anion is a positively charged ion
  • A cation is a positively charged ion, while an anion is a negatively charged ion (correct)
  • A cation is an atom, while an anion is a molecule
  • A cation is a molecule, while an anion is an atom

    • What is the balanced equation for the combustion of propane?

  • C3H8 + O2 -> CO2 + H2O
  • C3H8 + 5O2 -> 3CO2 + 4H2O (correct)
  • C3H8 + 3O2 -> 2CO2 + 2H2O
  • C3H8 + 2O2 -> CO2 + 2H2O

    • What is the product of the combustion reaction of ethanol (C2H5OH)?

    <p>CO2 and H2O</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of bond is formed between the oxygen atoms in oxygen gas (O2)?

    <p>Covalent bond</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Chemical Reactions

    • Propane (C3H8) reacts with oxygen (O2) to produce carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O)
    • The balanced chemical equation for this reaction is: C3H8 + 5O2 → 3CO2 + 4H2O

    Types of Chemical Bonds

    • Covalent bonds: formed when two atoms share one or more pairs of electrons
      • Example: Hydrogen molecule (H2) forms a covalent bond when two hydrogen atoms share two electrons
    • Ionic bonds: formed when one or more electrons are transferred from one atom to another, resulting in ions with opposite charges
      • Example: Sodium chloride (NaCl or table salt) forms an ionic bond when sodium loses an electron to become Na+ and chlorine gains an electron to become Cl-

    Ions

    • Cations: positively charged ions, formed when an atom loses one or more electrons
      • Example: Sodium (Na) becomes Na+ when it loses an electron
    • Anions: negatively charged ions, formed when an atom gains one or more electrons
      • Example: Chlorine (Cl) becomes Cl- when it gains an electron

    Balancing Chemical Equations

    • The equation C2H5OH + O2 → CO2 + H2O needs to be balanced
    • The balanced equation is: C2H5OH + 3O2 → 2CO2 + 3H2O

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    Description

    Balance chemical equations and explain the difference between ionic and covalent bonds. Identify cations and anions, and understand the reaction between propane and oxygen.

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