Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which principle states that electrons will fill subshells of the lowest available energy first?
Which principle states that electrons will fill subshells of the lowest available energy first?
- Hund's Rule
- Excited state principle
- Aufbau principle (correct)
- Pauli exclusion principle
In the ground state, all electron energy levels are fully occupied.
In the ground state, all electron energy levels are fully occupied.
True (A)
What is the maximum number of electrons that can occupy a p orbital?
What is the maximum number of electrons that can occupy a p orbital?
6
The electron configuration for Sodium can be expressed in shorthand as [_____] 3s1.
The electron configuration for Sodium can be expressed in shorthand as [_____] 3s1.
Match the following sublevels with their maximum number of electrons:
Match the following sublevels with their maximum number of electrons:
According to Hund’s Rule, how should electrons be distributed in orbitals?
According to Hund’s Rule, how should electrons be distributed in orbitals?
What is the shape of an s orbital?
What is the shape of an s orbital?
Electrons can occupy the same orbital if they spin in the same direction.
Electrons can occupy the same orbital if they spin in the same direction.
Flashcards
Electron Configuration
Electron Configuration
The arrangement of electrons in atomic orbitals.
Ground State
Ground State
The most stable electron configuration.
Excited State
Excited State
An unstable electron configuration.
Aufbau Principle
Aufbau Principle
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Pauli Exclusion Principle
Pauli Exclusion Principle
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Hund's Rule
Hund's Rule
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Shorthand Method
Shorthand Method
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Orbital Filling Order
Orbital Filling Order
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Study Notes
Electron Configuration
- Electron configuration describes the arrangement of electrons in atomic orbitals.
- The ground state is the most stable electron arrangement, where all energy levels are filled.
- An excited state occurs when electrons move to higher energy levels, making the atom unstable.
Atomic Orbitals
- Atomic orbitals indicate regions where electrons are most likely to be found.
- Energy levels represent the distance of electrons from the nucleus, with lower numbers closer to the nucleus.
- Orbitals have specific shapes (s- spherical, p- dumbbell, d- clover, f- flower-shaped).
Orbital Capacity
- The 's' orbital can hold a maximum of 2 electrons.
- The 'p' orbital can hold a maximum of 6 electrons.
- The 'd' orbital can hold a maximum of 10 electrons.
- The 'f' orbital can hold a maximum of 14 electrons.
Electron Configuration Rules
- Aufbau Principle: Electrons fill lower energy levels first, then higher ones.
- Pauli Exclusion Principle: A maximum of 2 electrons can occupy an orbital, with opposite spins. This prevents electron repulsion.
- Hund's Rule: Each orbital in a subshell is singly occupied before any is doubly occupied.
Shorthand Notation (Noble Gas Configuration)
- Useful for elements beyond the first two periods (periods 2 and above). It does not apply to hydrogen and helium.
- It uses the noble gas immediately preceding the element in question as a shorthand representation of filled inner orbitals.
- For example, sodium's configuration can be written as [Ne]3s1, using neon as a shorthand for the filled inner orbitals.
Orbital Filling Order
- Electrons fill orbitals in a specific order: 1s2, 2s2, 2p6, 3s2, 3p6, 4s2, 3d10, 4p6, etc.
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Description
This quiz covers the fundamental aspects of electron configuration, including the arrangement of electrons in atomic orbitals and their respective capacities. Explore the principles governing electron distribution, such as the Aufbau Principle and Pauli Exclusion Principle, to test your understanding of atomic structure.
