Chemical Fundamentals of Corrosion in Aircraft Maintenance
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary reason corrosion is most efficient in waters containing salts?

  • The low viscosity of the solution
  • The low temperature of the solution
  • The high pH of the solution
  • The high conductivity of the solution (correct)

What type of corrosion is caused by direct contact between a metal and an alkaline or acidic liquid?

  • Pitting corrosion
  • Direct chemical attack (correct)
  • Stress corrosion cracking
  • Galvanic corrosion

Which of the following can affect the theoretical rate of a chemical attack on a metal?

  • The formation of a protective film on the metal surface (correct)
  • The presence of an electrolyte
  • The presence of an electrode potential difference
  • All of the above

Which type of acid is especially active in corroding aluminum?

<p>Sulfuric acid (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is more likely to cause corrosion on aluminum structures?

<p>Strong alkaline solutions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using a weak solution of chromic or phosphoric acid as a surface treatment on metal?

<p>To form a protective film on the metal surface (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism by which water can cause corrosion on aluminum structures on a concrete floor?

<p>The water leaches lime from the cement to form an alkaline solution (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of hydraulic fluid can cause corrosion on metals?

<p>Phosphate ester hydraulic fluid (Skydrol) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason that tarnish removal is critical on gold components?

<p>The very thin coatings used on gold components are susceptible to tarnish (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main advantage of using tin plating on avionic components?

<p>Tin offers the best combination of solderability and corrosion resistance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main issue with using tin plating on components?

<p>Tin plating tends to grow 'whiskers' on tin-plated wire and other plated applications (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason that gold plating over silver or copper in thin layers accelerates corrosion?

<p>Gold plating over less noble metals like silver or copper leads to corrosion at pores or pinholes in the gold (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the brittle compound that can form when gold is bonded to aluminium?

<p>Purple plague (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of the growth of the 'purple plague' compound on microelectronic interconnection bonds?

<p>It can cause failure in microelectronic interconnection bonds (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason that a slight deposit will appear as a darkening of reflecting surfaces on gold?

<p>Gold does not normally corrode, but a slight deposit will appear as a darkening (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason that tin plating is used on avionic RF shields, filters, crystal covers, and automatic switching devices?

<p>Tin offers the best combination of solderability and corrosion resistance (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of most corrosion encountered by aircraft maintenance engineers?

<p>Electrochemical (galvanic) action (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main effect of corrosion on aircraft structures?

<p>Severe loss of strength (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a required component for electrochemical corrosion to occur?

<p>Electrical insulation between the metals (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary way for aircraft maintenance engineers to prevent corrosion?

<p>Preventing or removing one or more of the requirements for corrosion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a requirement for electrochemical corrosion to occur?

<p>A uniform metal surface (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of the cathode in the electrochemical corrosion process?

<p>To conduct the flow of electrons (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main role of the electrolyte in the electrochemical corrosion process?

<p>To carry current by providing a path for the movement of ions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it almost impossible to completely prevent corrosion?

<p>Corrosion is a natural process (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary use of nickel as a plating metal in aviation?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can happen if scum forms along the edge of a seal in an integral fuel tank?

<p>The sealant may pull away from the structure, causing a leak and an expensive resealing operation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most widely used material for aircraft construction?

<p>Aluminium and its alloys (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential issue with using pure nickel as an electroless coating?

<p>It is subject to pitting corrosion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of aluminium alloys?

<p>They are subject to pitting, intergranular corrosion and stress corrosion cracking (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary use of copper and copper-based alloys in avionics systems?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is aluminium considered anodic?

<p>Because it is anodic to most other metals (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common sign of copper corrosion in aviation?

<p>Accumulation of blue or blue-green corrosion products (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of changes in the surface condition of copper and copper-based alloys in aviation?

<p>They are generally not dangerous and have no effect on the part (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can happen when aluminium comes into contact with other metals?

<p>Galvanic corrosion of the aluminium will occur (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of adding nickel to stainless steel alloys?

<p>To increase the alloy's resistance to stress corrosion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can help increase the corrosion resistance of aluminium under mild corrosive conditions?

<p>The formation of a tightly adhering oxide film (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main drawback of using aluminium in aircraft construction?

<p>It is susceptible to corrosion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential issue with using nickel-based alloys in high-temperature areas like engines?

<p>They are subject to hot corrosion attack and embrittlement when sulfur-containing gases are present (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason why no metal is totally resistant to corrosion?

<p>Metals are inherently susceptible to corrosion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What might be a visible sign indicating the presence of pitting corrosion on a metal surface?

<p>Presence of white powder clumps (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result if pitting corrosion continues untreated?

<p>Metal thickness is converted into salts (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are aluminium alloys primarily held together according to micro-photographs?

<p>Interconnected by tiny grains (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect does heat treatment have on aluminium alloy during the process?

<p>It dissolves alloying agents into each other (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic sign that intergranular corrosion may be occurring?

<p>Appearance of dark, narrow lines (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can happen if uniform surface corrosion progresses to pitting, and pitting remains untreated?

<p>Pits may eat completely through the metal (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are the grains in aluminium alloys held together in micro-photographs?

<p>By chemical bonds between atoms (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of appearance may suggest the presence of intergranular corrosion?

<p>Development of dark, narrow lines (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of galvanic corrosion in aircraft structures?

<p>Riveting dissimilar metal skins together (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main effect of stress corrosion on aircraft structures?

<p>Rapid crack growth (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of surface corrosion on aircraft structures?

<p>Conversion of metal to corrosion salts (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of removing tarnish from gold components in aircraft?

<p>To maintain the reflective properties of the surface (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason that corrosion is most efficient in waters containing salts?

<p>The salts act as an electrolyte (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason that aluminium is considered anodic?

<p>Aluminium is more reactive than other metals (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main drawback of using aluminium in aircraft construction?

<p>Aluminium is prone to galvanic corrosion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary use of copper and copper-based alloys in avionics systems?

<p>Copper is used for its high electrical conductivity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main cause of fretting corrosion?

<p>Destruction of the protective film due to rubbing action (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of exfoliation corrosion?

<p>Results in material delamination along grain boundaries (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what scenario does fretting corrosion typically occur?

<p>When there is significant movement between surfaces (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes exfoliation corrosion from other types of corrosion?

<p>It predominantly affects materials with layered grain structures (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can fretting corrosion be visually identified around rivets?

<p>By the presence of dark deposits around the rivet heads (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of debris not being able to escape between surfaces affected by fretting corrosion?

<p>The debris further erodes the surfaces as an abrasive (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to replace rivets showing signs of fretting corrosion promptly?

<p>To avoid further damage and potential failure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes exfoliation corrosion from other forms of corrosion in terms of affected materials?

<p>Materials that are extruded. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the strength of a metal affected by intergranular corrosion?

<p>It decreases significantly (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do microbes contribute to corrosion in aircraft fuel tanks?

<p>They promote the growth of scum that leads to corrosion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended remedy for exfoliation corrosion on aircraft structures?

<p>Complete removal of affected sections (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what type of conditions can water entrained in aircraft fuel condense out?

<p>High-altitude, low-temperature flight conditions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does the dark insides of fuel tanks play in microbiological corrosion?

<p>Promotes microbial growth (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do microbes in aircraft fuel tanks feed and grow?

<p>By feeding on hydrocarbon fuel and multiplying (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for the corrosion rate of magnesium alloys increasing when immersed in water or subjected to moisture?

<p>The natural oxide-carbonate film formed on magnesium alloys provides insufficient corrosion protection. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary concern regarding the use of titanium at high temperatures?

<p>Titanium readily absorbs gases from the surrounding air, leading to brittleness. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for the need to electrically insulate titanium from other metals?

<p>To prevent galvanic corrosion of the other metal coupled with titanium. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true regarding the oxide film formed on titanium and its alloys?

<p>The oxide film forms almost immediately upon contact with air and is extremely adherent. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential issue when titanium comes into contact with a corroding metal?

<p>Titanium may absorb hydrogen from the corroding metal and become brittle. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true regarding the corrosion resistance of titanium and its alloys?

<p>Titanium and its alloys are highly corrosion resistant due to the protective oxide film. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential issue with certain titanium alloys when exposed to chlorides or chlorinated solvents?

<p>Stress corrosion cracking may be induced under certain conditions. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for the high corrosion resistance of titanium and its alloys?

<p>The formation of a tightly adherent oxide film on the surface. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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