Chemistry Unit 1 Exam
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Questions and Answers

What is the definition of an element?

An element is a pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means.

What is the definition of a compound?

A compound is a substance made up of two or more different elements chemically bonded together in a fixed ratio.

How many elements are in the compound NH3?

2

How many elements are in the compound NaNO3?

<p>3</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many elements are in the compound O2?

<p>3</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many elements are in the compound CH3COOH?

<p>3</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many elements are in the compound CCl4

<p>3</p> Signup and view all the answers

A solid has the shape ______, the volume _____, and compressibility ______.

<p>Definite, Definite, almost incompressible</p> Signup and view all the answers

A liquid has the shape ______, the volume _____, and compressibility ______.

<p>Not definite, Definite, almost incompressible</p> Signup and view all the answers

A gas has the shape ______, the volume _____, and compressibility ______.

<p>Not definite, Not definite, Compressible</p> Signup and view all the answers

What word describes the phase change - solid to liquid

<p>melting</p> Signup and view all the answers

What word describes the phase change - solid to gas

<p>sublimation</p> Signup and view all the answers

What word describes the phase change - liquid to solid

<p>freezing</p> Signup and view all the answers

What word describes the phase change - liquid to gas

<p>evaporation or vaporization</p> Signup and view all the answers

What word describes the phase change - gas to liquid

<p>condensation</p> Signup and view all the answers

What word describes the phase change - gas to solid

<p>deposition</p> Signup and view all the answers

Oxygen

<p>Element</p> Signup and view all the answers

Hydrogen

<p>Element</p> Signup and view all the answers

Air

<p>Homogeneous</p> Signup and view all the answers

Kool-Aid dissolved in water

<p>Homogeneous</p> Signup and view all the answers

Trail Mix

<p>Heterogeneous</p> Signup and view all the answers

Oil and Vinegar Salad Dressing

<p>Heterogeneous</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the law of conservation of mass?

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How are heterogeneous and homogeneous mixtures different? Please include 1 example of a heterogeneous and 1 example of a homogeneous mixture.

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Compare and contrast elements and compounds.

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What 2 states of matter does a Supercritical Fluid exist in?

<p>Liquid, Gas</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are supercritical fluids used for?

<p>Used as a solvent to dissolve compounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

What piece of equipment is this?

<p>Erlenmeyer Flask</p> Signup and view all the answers

What piece of equipment is this?

<p>Beaker</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of equipment is this?

<p>Funnel</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of equipment is this?

<p>Watch Glass</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes what happens when you pass the critical point on a phase diagram?

<p>The substance changes to a supercritical fluid</p> Signup and view all the answers

What state of matter is Letter A in?

<p>Solid</p> Signup and view all the answers

What state of matter is Letter B in?

<p>Liquid</p> Signup and view all the answers

What state of matter is Letter C in?

<p>Gas</p> Signup and view all the answers

At what point is letter E at?

<p>Triple Point</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Elements and Compounds: Definition, Types, and Classification

  • Chemistry is the study of the structures, physical properties, and chemical properties of material substances.
  • Classification of matter is important because gases, liquids, and solids have different compositions.
  • Elements are species of atoms with the same number of protons in their atomic nuclei.
  • Isotopes are atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons.
  • There are 118 elements, of which 94 are naturally occurring and 24 are synthetic.
  • Elements cannot be broken down into simpler fragments and can exist as atoms or molecules.
  • Compounds are substances consisting of two or more different types of elements in a fixed ratio.
  • Compounds have new properties compared to their constituent elements.
  • Compounds are represented by their chemical formula, which shows the proportions of atoms in the compound.
  • There are two types of compounds: molecular compounds, which have covalent bonds, and salts, which have ionic bonds.
  • Chemical bonds are the attractive interactions between atoms in a compound.
  • Covalent compounds consist of molecules, while ionic compounds consist of positively and negatively charged ions.

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