Chemical Factors Affecting Microbial Growth: Antibiotics
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Questions and Answers

Which microorganisms produce antibiotics?

  • Algae
  • Bacteria (correct)
  • Viruses
  • Protozoa
  • What is the primary function of antibiotics for the microorganism that produces them?

  • To aid in reproduction
  • To neutralize toxins
  • To increase growth rate
  • To survive difficult environmental conditions (correct)
  • At which stage of growth are antibiotics produced?

  • Stationary phase (correct)
  • Decline phase
  • Exponential phase
  • Log phase
  • What is the effect of bactericidal antibiotics on bacteria?

    <p>Reduces bacterial load by preventing cell wall formation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what dose can an antibiotic be bacteriostatic?

    <p>Highest dose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of bacteriostatic antibiotics?

    <p>Inhibit growth and reproduction of bacteria by preventing the biosynthesis of cell proteins and nucleic acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between broad-spectrum and narrow-spectrum antibiotics?

    <p>Broad spectrum kills a wide range of microorganisms, while narrow spectrum kills Gram-positive bacteria only or Gram-negative bacteria not both</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do antibiotics that inhibit synthesis of bacterial cell walls cause bacterial cell death?

    <p>By causing a morphological imbalance and weakness in the rigidity of the cell wall, leading to cell explosion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of antibiotic action for altering cell membrane permeability?

    <p>Antibiotic binds to the cell membrane, alters its structure and makes it more permeable, causing leakage of cellular molecules and cell death</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is necessary for the effectiveness of an antibiotic according to the text?

    <p>Entry of the antibiotic and finding the target molecule in an active form</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of antibiotics for the microorganism that produces them?

    <p>To aid in survival during difficult environmental conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At which stage of growth are antibiotics produced?

    <p>Stationary phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of bactericidal antibiotics on bacteria?

    <p>Cause bacterial death</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of antibiotic action for altering cell membrane permeability?

    <p>Interference with protein synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between broad-spectrum and narrow-spectrum antibiotics?

    <p>Broad-spectrum have a wide range of side effects, while narrow-spectrum have minimal side effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action for antibiotics that inhibit synthesis of bacterial cell walls?

    <p>They bind enzymes that help form peptidoglycans, leading to weakness in the rigidity of the cell wall and eventually cell death.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of antibiotic resistance related to?

    <p>Enzymatic destruction of drug</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does a bacteriostatic antibiotic work?

    <p>It inhibits growth and reproduction of bacteria by preventing biosynthesis of cell proteins and nucleic acids.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does broad spectrum antibiotics do?

    <p>They kill a wide range of microorganisms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the conditions necessary for the effectiveness of an antibiotic?

    <p>Finding the target molecule and remaining in contact with it in sufficient concentration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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