Chemical Equilibrium Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Define chemical equilibrium in terms of a reversible reaction.

Chemical equilibrium is a state in which the rate of the forward reaction is equal to the rate of the reverse reaction, resulting in no net change in the concentrations of reactants and products over time.

What are the macroscopic characteristics of the forward reaction?

The forward reaction typically involves reactants being converted into products, resulting in an increase in the concentration of products and a decrease in the concentration of reactants.

What are the macroscopic characteristics of the reverse reaction?

The reverse reaction involves products reacting to form reactants, resulting in an increase in the concentration of reactants and a decrease in the concentration of products.

What is the Law of Mass Action?

<p>The Law of Mass Action states that the rate of a chemical reaction is directly proportional to the product of the molar concentrations of the reactants, each raised to the power of their respective stoichiometric coefficients.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can equilibrium be recognized?

<p>Equilibrium can be recognized by the constancy of certain macroscopic properties such as concentration, pressure, and temperature, as well as the absence of any observable changes over time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best defines chemical equilibrium?

<p>A reaction where the forward and reverse reactions proceed at the same rate (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Law of Mass Action?

<p>A law that states the rate of a chemical reaction is proportional to the concentration of the reactants (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the necessary condition for equilibrium to occur?

<p>Equal concentrations of reactants and products (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the equilibrium constant expression of a reaction?

<p>The ratio of the concentrations of the products to the concentrations of the reactants (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens in a complete reaction?

<p>All reactants have been converted into products (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Chemical Equilibrium

A state where the rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reaction, leading to no net change in reactant and product concentrations.

Forward Reaction

Reactants convert to products, increasing product concentration and decreasing reactant concentration.

Reverse Reaction

Products react to form reactants, increasing reactant concentration and decreasing product concentration.

Law of Mass Action

The rate of a reaction is proportional to the product of reactant concentrations, each raised to the power of their stoichiometric coefficients.

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Recognizing Equilibrium

Constancy of macroscopic properties (concentration, pressure, temperature) and the absence of observable changes over time.

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Chemical Equilibrium

A reaction where the forward and reverse reactions proceed at the same rate.

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Law of Mass Action

A law that states the rate of a chemical reaction is proportional to the concentration of the reactants.

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Equilibrium Constant Expression

The ratio of the concentrations of the products to the concentrations of the reactants.

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Complete Reaction

All reactants have been converted into products.

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Study Notes

Chemical Equilibrium

  • Reversible reactions can reach a state of chemical equilibrium, where forward and reverse reactions occur simultaneously.

Student Learning Outcomes

  • Define chemical equilibrium in terms of a reversible reaction.
  • Write both forward and reverse reactions and describe their macroscopic characteristics.

Law of Mass Action

  • The Law of Mass Action is a fundamental concept in chemical equilibrium.

Equilibrium Constant

  • Derive an expression for the equilibrium constant and its units.
  • The equilibrium constant expression can be written for a reaction.

Conditions for Equilibrium

  • A necessary condition for equilibrium is that the rates of forward and reverse reactions are equal.
  • Equilibrium can be recognized when no further change is observed in the concentrations of reactants and products over time.

Characteristics of Equilibrium

  • Most chemical reactions do not go to completion, as products can react to form reactants.
  • Chemical equilibrium is a state where forward and reverse reactions occur simultaneously, resulting in no net change.

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