Questions and Answers
What is a chemical equation?
A chemical equation is a representation of a chemical reaction using symbols and formulas.
Reactants are written after the products in a chemical equation.
False
The reaction of hydrogen and oxygen forms ______.
water
What does the '+' sign indicate on the reactant side of a chemical equation?
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What do the symbols 's', 'l', 'g', and 'aq' represent in a chemical equation?
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What is a formula equation?
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What does zinc produce when it reacts with sulfuric acid?
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What happens when calcium carbonate is heated?
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What single compound is produced when magnesium is burnt with oxygen?
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What is formed when nitrogen reacts with hydrogen?
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In a chemical reaction, the substances formed as a result of the change are called ______.
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Which of the following are considered reactants in the reaction N2 + 3H2 → 2NH3?
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What will you see when marble is placed in dilute hydrochloric acid?
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What is the process that brings about a chemical change called?
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Study Notes
Presentation of a Chemical Reaction
- A chemical equation is a chemical reaction written in the form of an equation.
- There are two types of chemical equations: word equations and formula equations.
Word Equation
- A word equation is a chemical reaction written in terms of the full names of the reactants and products.
- The reactants are written first, followed by an arrow (→), which means "forms" or "gives", and then the products.
- If there are multiple reactants or products, they are joined by the '+' sign.
- The '+' sign has different meanings on each side of the equation: on the reactant side, it means "reacts with", and on the product side, it means "and" or "in addition to".
- The conditions required for the chemical change can be written above the arrow to make the equation more informative.
- The state of reactants and products can be expressed using the following signs: 's' for solid, 'l' for liquid, 'g' for gas, and 'aq' for a solution in water.
Formula Equation
- A formula equation is a scientific way to express a chemical reaction using symbols and molecular formulas of reactants and products.
- Formula equations can be balanced or unbalanced.
- Formula equations use molecular formulas of reactants and products instead of their full names.
Chemical Changes
- Chemical changes occur when zinc reacts with sulfuric acid to produce zinc sulfate and hydrogen gas, and zinc displaces the hydrogen atom of sulfuric acid.
- Calcium carbonate decomposes to calcium oxide and carbon dioxide when heated, undergoing dissociation.
- Magnesium combines with oxygen to produce magnesium oxide when burnt.
Reactants and Products
- A chemical reaction brings about a chemical change, such as when nitrogen reacts with hydrogen to form ammonia.
- A chemical reaction consists of reactants and products, separated by an arrow (→).
- Reactants are substances that undergo a chemical change during a chemical reaction, such as nitrogen and hydrogen in the ammonia formation reaction.
- Products are substances formed as a result of a chemical change in a reaction, such as ammonia in the same reaction.
Chemical Equation
- A chemical equation represents a chemical reaction, with reactants on the left and products on the right, separated by an arrow (→).
- An example of a chemical reaction is the reaction between dilute hydrochloric acid and calcium carbonate (marble), producing calcium chloride, water, and carbon dioxide, accompanied by fizzing air bubbles.
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Description
Learn about chemical equations, including word equations and formula equations, and understand how to represent chemical reactions.
