Chemical Context of Life: Matter, Elements, and Compounds
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Questions and Answers

What is an element in chemistry?

  • A substance with characteristics different from those of its elements
  • A substance that cannot be broken down to other substances by chemical reactions (correct)
  • A substance consisting of two or more elements in a fixed ratio
  • A substance that can be broken down to other substances by chemical reactions

How many elements are essential to life?

  • 50
  • 10
  • 25 (correct)
  • 94

What are trace elements in the context of organisms?

  • Elements that are not required by an organism
  • Elements required by an organism in large quantities
  • Elements that consist of more than one element
  • Elements required by an organism in minute quantities (correct)

What is a compound in chemistry?

<p>A substance that can be broken down to other substances by chemical reactions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the smallest unit of matter that retains the properties of an element?

<p>Atom (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which subatomic particles form the atomic nucleus?

<p>Neutrons (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are isotopes?

<p>Different atomic forms of an element with varying numbers of protons and neutrons (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which radioactive isotopes decay spontaneously, giving off particles and energy?

<p>Radioactive decay (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a molecule?

<p>Two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of chemical bond involves the sharing of one or more pairs of valence electrons by two atoms?

<p>Covalent bond (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is potential energy?

<p>The energy that matter has because of its location or structure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

"An attraction between 2 atoms, resulting from a sharing of outer-shell electrons or the presence of opposite charges on the atoms" refers to what?

<p>&quot;Chemical bond&quot; (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

"Electronegativity" is defined as what?

<p>'An atom’s attraction for the electrons in a covalent bond' (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

"Carbon isotopes" are different atomic forms of carbon that have the same number of protons but differ in what?

<p>'Number of neutrons' (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

"Metan (CH4)" is an example of what?

<p>'A compound' (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some applications of radioactive isotopes?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements best describes an essential element?

<p>An element that is required by an organism to survive, grow, and reproduce (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes a compound from its constituent elements?

<p>Compounds have characteristics different from those of their constituent elements (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many of the 94 elements are essential to life?

<p>Approximately 25 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are trace elements in the context of organisms?

<p>Elements that are required by an organism in minute quantities (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of chemistry, what does it mean for an element to be 'essential'?

<p>It cannot be replaced by any other chemical element (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term refers to the smallest unit of matter that still retains the properties of an element?

<p>Atom (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of chemical bond involves the sharing of one or more pairs of valence electrons by two atoms?

<p>Covalent bond (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What analogy is used to describe the energy levels of electrons in an atom?

<p>A ball bouncing down a flight of stairs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is defined as an element’s attraction for the electrons in a covalent bond?

<p>Electronegativity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which subatomic particles form the atomic nucleus?

<p>Neutrons and protons (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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