Chemical Compounds Naming in Spanish

Pentaóxido de difósforo

Ni(OH)2

Tetrahidruro de fósforo or Tetrahidróxido de plomo

<p>The name follows the pattern _n_hidróxido de <em>M</em></p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Estibano</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>-1</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>CaO</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Trihidruro de hierro</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>+5</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>SO₃ is named as 'Óxido de azufre (VI)' because the sulfur atom has an oxidation state of +6 in this compound.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lithium peroxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Peróxido de sodio</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Li₂O</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It may be a mistake/typo/not relevant</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cu(OH)₂</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ionic bonding involves the transfer of electrons from a metal to a non-metal, resulting in the formation of positively charged cations and negatively charged anions that are attracted to each other. In covalent bonding, non-metals share electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The octet rule states that atoms tend to gain, lose, or share electrons to achieve a stable configuration of eight electrons in their outermost shell. In ionic bonding, metals lose electrons to achieve a stable octet, forming cations, while non-metals gain electrons to achieve a stable octet, forming anions. In covalent bonding, non-metals share electrons to achieve a stable octet by forming covalent bonds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Noble gases are chemically unreactive because they have a full outermost electron shell, making them stable and unlikely to gain or lose electrons. This full valence shell provides a stable electron configuration and explains their inert nature.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hydrogen, lithium, and beryllium are examples of elements that do not follow the octet rule. Hydrogen only needs two electrons in its outermost shell to achieve stability, while lithium and beryllium are stable with two and four electrons, respectively, in their valence shells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Atomic structures involve individual atoms, like in noble gases. Molecular structures consist of discrete molecules, such as those formed by covalent bonding. Network structures are continuous networks of atoms, like in diamond, graphite, and silica, which are held together by strong covalent bonds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nitrogen typically exhibits an oxidation state of -3 in binary compounds. This is because, as a nonmetal, nitrogen tends to gain 3 electrons to achieve a stable octet configuration, resulting in a negative charge.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The binary compound formed between aluminum (Al) and nitrogen (N) would be named aluminum nitride. This follows the general naming convention for binary compounds, where the metallic element is named first, followed by the nonmetallic element with the suffix '-ide'.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The traditional names of hydracids generally reflect the nonmetal present in the compound. The names are composed of 'acid' followed by the root name of the nonmetal and the suffix '-ic'. For example, H₂S is named as 'sulfur' (root name) + 'ic' (suffix) + 'acid' = 'sulfuric acid'.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is the alkali hydroxide because it contains sodium (Na), an element from group 1, which are known as alkali metals, and a hydroxide ion (OH-) group making it a base.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The difference lies in the oxidation state of the metal ions. Mercury(I) hydroxide has a +1 oxidation state, while Chromium(III) hydroxide has a +3 oxidation state. This distinction is reflected in their names, with the Roman numeral indicating their oxidation state. The additional 'III' in Chromium(III) hydroxide shows a +3 oxidation state required to balance the -1 charge per hydroxide ion (OH-).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ionic bonds are formed by the transfer of electrons, resulting in crystal lattices of cations and anions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Metallic bonding features a 'sea' of delocalized electrons around fixed cations, which allows metals to conduct electricity and be malleable.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Metallic substances generally have high melting and boiling points, ionic substances also have high points, while covalent substances usually have lower melting and boiling points.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ionic compounds dissolve in water due to their ability to dissociate into free ions, which interact favorably with water molecules.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Covalent compounds usually do not conduct electricity because they lack free-moving charged particles when in solid or liquid form.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Francium exhibits the greatest metallic character because it has the lowest ionization energy in Group 1.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>CO₂, NH₃, and SO₂ have low melting points.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>CaF₂ (when molten) and NaCl (when dissolved) are capable of electrical conduction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Calcium (Ca) and lithium (Li) are generally insoluble in water.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Substances formed by covalent bonds are usually fragile, while metals are malleable.</p> Signup and view all the answers