Chemical Buffers Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which type of buffer is typically found in the intracellular fluid?

  • Proteins
  • Phosphate (correct)
  • Carbonic acid
  • Sodium bicarbonate
  • Which type of buffer is typically found in the extracellular fluid?

  • Sodium bicarbonate (correct)
  • Proteins
  • Phosphate
  • Carbonic acid
  • What is the ideal base bicarbonate-to-carbonic acid buffer pair ratio in the extracellular fluid for maintaining normal blood pH?

  • 25:1
  • 20:1 (correct)
  • 10:1
  • 15:1
  • What is the effect of increased pH (alkaline) on the metabolic rate?

    <p>Increased metabolic rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of decreased pH (acidic) on the metabolic rate?

    <p>Decreased metabolic rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the amount of carbonic acid and hydrogen ions in the RBCs when carbon dioxide and water leave the body?

    <p>They decrease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the acidity of oxygenated blood compared to deoxygenated blood?

    <p>Oxygenated blood is less acidic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the respiratory center in regulating respiration?

    <p>Sensing changes in blood carbon dioxide levels and pH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the increase in respiration rate and depth in response to an increase in carbon dioxide levels?

    <p>Chemoreflex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which mechanism do the kidneys use to increase blood pH?

    <p>Eliminating hydrogen ions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which scenario is characterized by low CO2 levels?

    <p>Respiratory alkalosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens if blood pH drops?

    <p>The tubules secrete more hydrogen ions into the blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which scenario is characterized by high CO2 levels?

    <p>Respiratory acidosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which mechanism do the kidneys use to form ammonium?

    <p>Combining hydrogen ions with ammonia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which scenario is characterized by low HCO3 levels?

    <p>Metabolic acidosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the kidneys in maintaining blood pH?

    <p>Eliminating hydrogen ions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which scenario is characterized by high HCO3 levels?

    <p>Metabolic alkalosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How long does it take for this system to function?

    <p>Weeks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can the body be in if pH levels change?

    <p>Both acidosis and alkalosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a type of chemical buffer found in the body?

    <p>Sodium bicarbonate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal base bicarbonate-to-carbonic acid buffer pair ratio in the extracellular fluid for maintaining normal blood pH?

    <p>20:1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a respiratory buffer?

    <p>Oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the acidity of oxygenated blood compared to deoxygenated blood?

    <p>It decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the increase in respiration rate and depth in response to an increase in carbon dioxide levels?

    <p>Chemoreflex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a urinary buffer?

    <p>Proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of increased pH (alkaline) on the metabolic rate?

    <p>It increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of decreased pH (acidic) on the metabolic rate?

    <p>It decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the kidneys in maintaining blood pH?

    <p>Excreting acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which scenario is characterized by the kidneys retaining bicarbonate or excreting large amounts of hydrogen ions?

    <p>Metabolic alkalosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the decrease in respiration rate and depth in response to low carbon dioxide levels?

    <p>Respiratory alkalosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which mechanism do the kidneys primarily use to increase blood pH?

    <p>Reabsorbing bicarbonate ions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the respiratory center in regulating respiration?

    <p>Controlling respiration rate and depth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of increased pH (alkaline) on the metabolic rate?

    <p>Decreases metabolic rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens if blood pH drops?

    <p>The tubules secrete more hydrogen ions into urine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of buffer is typically found in the extracellular fluid?

    <p>Bicarbonate buffer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of decreased pH (acidic) on the metabolic rate?

    <p>Increases metabolic rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which mechanism do the kidneys use to form ammonium?

    <p>Combining hydrogen ions with ammonia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How long does it take for this system to function?

    <p>Days to weeks</p> Signup and view all the answers

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