Chemical Bonds and Ionic Compounds
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Chemical Bonds and Ionic Compounds

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Questions and Answers

What is a chemical bond?

The force that holds two atoms together; may form by the attraction of a positive ion for a negative ion or by sharing electrons.

What is a cation?

An ion that has a positive charge.

What is an anion?

An ion that has a negative charge.

What is an ionic bond?

<p>The electrostatic force that holds oppositely charged particles together in an ionic compound.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an ionic compound?

<p>A compound that contains ionic bonds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a crystal lattice?

<p>A three-dimensional geometric arrangement of particles in which each positive ion is surrounded by negative ions and each negative ion is surrounded by positive ions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an electrolyte?

<p>An ionic compound whose aqueous solution conducts an electric current.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is lattice energy?

<p>The energy required to separate one mole of the ions of an ionic compound.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a formula unit?

<p>The simplest ratio of ions represented in an ionic compound.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a monatomic ion?

<p>An ion formed from only one atom.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a polyatomic ion?

<p>An ion made up of two or more atoms bonded together that acts as a single unit with a net charge.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an oxyanion?

<p>A polyatomic ion composed of an element, usually a nonmetal, bonded to one or more oxygen ions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the electron sea model propose?

<p>All metal atoms in a metallic solid contribute their valence electrons to form a 'sea' of electrons.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a metallic bond?

<p>The attraction of a metallic cation for delocalized electrons.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an alloy?

<p>A mixture of elements that has metallic properties.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Chemical Bonds

  • A chemical bond is the force that holds two atoms together, formed by attraction between positive and negative ions or by sharing electrons.

Ions

  • Cations are positively charged ions.
  • Anions are negatively charged ions.

Ionic Bonds and Compounds

  • An ionic bond is the electrostatic force that cohesively holds oppositely charged particles in an ionic compound.
  • An ionic compound consists of ionic bonds and contains ordered arrangements of cations and anions.

Crystal Lattice Structure

  • A crystal lattice is a three-dimensional geometric arrangement where each positive ion is surrounded by negative ions and vice versa, with shapes varying based on ion sizes and amounts.

Electrolytes and Solutions

  • Electrolytes are ionic compounds that, when dissolved in water, conduct electric currents due to their dissociated ions.

Lattice Energy

  • Lattice energy is the energy needed to separate one mole of ionic compound ions, influenced by the size and charge of the ions involved.

Formula Unit

  • A formula unit represents the simplest ratio of ions in an ionic compound, symbolizing the proportions of different ions present.

Types of Ions

  • Monatomic ions consist of a single atom, while polyatomic ions comprise two or more atoms bonded together, functioning as a single entity with a net charge.
  • Oxyanions are a type of polyatomic ion consisting of a nonmetal element bonded to one or more oxygen atoms.

Electron Sea Model

  • The electron sea model describes metallic solids where valence electrons from metal atoms form a 'sea' of delocalized electrons, explaining properties like malleability and electrical conductivity.

Metallic Bonds

  • Metallic bonds are formed by the attraction between metallic cations and delocalized electrons, allowing movement and bonding in metallic structures.

Alloys

  • Alloys are mixtures of elements exhibiting metallic properties, either as substitutional (similar-sized elements) or interstitial (smaller atoms fitting between larger ones) alloys.

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Description

This quiz explores the fundamental concepts of chemical bonds, focusing on ionic bonds and the properties of ionic compounds. You'll learn about ions, crystal lattice structures, and the importance of electrolytes in solutions. Test your understanding of these essential chemistry topics.

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