Chemical Bonding Basics
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Questions and Answers

What property of the building blocks of unsaturated fats causes them to be liquid at room temperature?

  • They have a linear structure
  • They have bends or kinks (correct)
  • They have a high melting point
  • They contain more saturated fatty acids
  • How does the fluidity of unsaturated fats compare to saturated fats at room temperature?

  • Fluidity is not related to temperature
  • Unsaturated fats are more fluid (correct)
  • Both have similar fluidity
  • Unsaturated fats are more solid
  • Which type of fatty acids make up unsaturated fats?

  • Both saturated and trans fatty acids
  • Only saturated fatty acids
  • Both saturated and unsaturated fatty acids
  • Only unsaturated fatty acids (correct)
  • What effect do bends or kinks in unsaturated fat molecules have on their molecular structure?

    <p>They prevent the molecules from being tightly packed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are unsaturated fats important in biological systems?

    <p>They contribute to membrane fluidity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of bond results from the transfer of electrons and resulting electrical charges between two ions?

    <p>Ionic bond</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of atoms form an ionic bond in the compound NaCl?

    <p>Metal and nonmetal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of bond results from the sharing of electrons between two atoms?

    <p>Covalent bond</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a charged atom resulting from gaining or losing electrons?

    <p>Cation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of atom is more likely to form a covalent bond with another atom?

    <p><strong>Unstable</strong> atom with unfilled outer shell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are covalent bonds considered very strong?

    <p><strong>They involve the sharing of electrons</strong></p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process is required to combine monosaccharides into di- or poly-saccharides?

    <p>Dehydration reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT one of the most common types of polysaccharides mentioned in the text?

    <p>Fructose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which two polysaccharides are mentioned in the text as polymers of glucose?

    <p>Cellulose and chitin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a fundamental difference between glycogen and cellulose?

    <p>Glycogen is easily digestible, while cellulose is not digestible by humans.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes chitin from the other mentioned polysaccharides?

    <p>Chitin has a nitrogen-containing functional group.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of molecule is formed in a dehydration synthesis reaction between glycerol and fatty acids?

    <p>Triglyceride</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which functional groups react during the dehydration synthesis to form a fat molecule?

    <p>Carboxyl and Hydroxyl</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the hydroxyl groups on the glycerol backbone in fat molecule formation?

    <p>React with carboxyl groups</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be inferred about the size of a triglyceride molecule compared to a monoglyceride?

    <p>Triglyceride is larger</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of reaction creates a fat molecule from glycerol and fatty acids?

    <p>Dehydration synthesis reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which scientist was the first to describe cells with a microscope?

    <p>Robert Hooke</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What theory states that a cell is the most basic unit of life?

    <p>Cell Theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes eukaryotic cells from prokaryotic cells?

    <p>Complexity and presence of nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cells possess a large central vacuole?

    <p>Plant cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What organelle carries out protein synthesis based on genetic instructions?

    <p>Ribosome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are cells limited in size according to the text?

    <p>Surface area/volume ratio relationship</p> Signup and view all the answers

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