Questions and Answers
What does the '2' in the chemical formula MgBr2 tell you?
2 Bromines
What are the characteristic properties of each family in the periodic table based on?
Valence Electrons
When an atom loses an electron, what type of ion does it become?
Positive
An ionic bond is the attraction between which two types of ions?
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Ions that are made of more than one atom are examples of what?
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What is the chemical name for the compound with the formula Na2S?
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Name two characteristic properties of ionic compounds.
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In what form can an ionic compound conduct electricity?
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What is a chemical bond formed when two atoms share electrons called?
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What is a double bond?
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Name two properties shared by most molecular compounds.
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Molecular compounds do not conduct electricity because they do not break up into what?
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A covalent bond in which electrons are shared unequally is called what?
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In the chemical formula for an ionic compound, which ion is written first?
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Electrons involved in bonding between atoms are called what?
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What is the greatest number of valence electrons an atom can have?
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Water is polar and oil is non-polar. They mix together.
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If atoms of a halogen nonmetal gain one electron, how many valence electrons do they then have?
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Ionic compounds are electrically what?
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The attraction between a positive metal ion and the electrons surrounding it is what type of bond?
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Brass and steel are examples of what?
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Steel is an alloy of one or more elements combined with what?
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In a double bond, how many valence electrons are shared?
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Solid metals are good conductors of heat and what?
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A neutral atom has more than how many valence electrons?
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Ionic bonds have what type of melting points?
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What type of bonds have high melting points?
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What type of elements does the group containing the most reactive non-metals consist of?
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Many what are made?
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_____ bonding takes place between metals and non-metals.
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Study Notes
Chemical Bonding Concepts
- Magnesium bromide (MgBr2) indicates that there are 2 bromine ions for every magnesium ion in the compound.
- Each family in the periodic table is defined by the number of valence electrons, determining its characteristic properties.
Ions and Ionic Bonds
- Loss of an electron results in a positive ion, while gaining an electron produces a negative ion.
- An ionic bond forms through the attraction between positively charged ions and negatively charged ions.
- Polyatomic ions consist of multiple atoms bonded together, acting as a single ion.
Compounds and Naming
- Sodium sulfide is represented by the chemical formula Na2S.
- Characteristic properties of ionic compounds include high melting and boiling points, alongside their hard and brittle nature.
Conductivity
- Ionic compounds can conduct electricity only when dissolved in water, breaking into ions.
- Molecular compounds have low melting and boiling points, are soft, and do not conduct electricity because they do not dissociate into ions.
Covalent Bonds
- A covalent bond is formed when atoms share electrons; polar covalent bonds involve unequal sharing of electrons.
- In the chemical formula for ionic compounds, the positive ion is listed first.
- Valence electrons are essential in forming chemical bonds, with a maximum of 8 being possible in an atom.
Reactions and Interactions
- Water, a polar substance, and oil, a nonpolar substance, do not mix due to their differing polarities.
- Halogens, a group of nonmetals, gain one electron to achieve a complete octet of 8 valence electrons, making them stable.
Properties of Ionic Bonds
- Ionic compounds are neutral in charge and typically possess high melting and boiling points.
- The bonding between metal ions and the surrounding electrons is classified as metallic bonding.
Alloys
- Brass and steel are examples of alloys, which are mixtures of metals.
- Steel is specifically an alloy that includes iron along with other elements.
Conductivity of Metals
- Solid metals effectively conduct both heat and electricity due to their metallic bonding structure.
- Ionic bonds are known for their high melting points, reinforcing their stability in solid form.
Reactivity and Bonding Types
- Halogens are recognized as the most reactive nonmetals in the periodic table.
- Ionic bonding occurs primarily between metals and nonmetals, showcasing the transfer of electrons.
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Description
This quiz covers essential concepts of chemical bonding, focusing on ionic bonds and the properties of ionic compounds. It includes topics such as ions, polyatomic ions, and the conductivity of ionic and molecular compounds. Test your understanding of these fundamental chemistry concepts.
