CHEM 010 Midterm Review: Matter and Atomic Structure
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is an example of a homogeneous mixture?

  • Granite
  • Vegetable soup
  • Orange juice with pulp
  • Saltwater (correct)

Sublimation is the process where a substance changes directly from a liquid to a gas.

False (B)

What is the SI unit for temperature?

Kelvin

The number of ______ determines the identity of an element.

<p>protons</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their correct descriptions:

<p>Ionic bond = A chemical bond formed through the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions. Covalent bond = A chemical bond that involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms. Physical change = A change that does not involve altering the chemical composition of a substance. Chemical change = A change that results in the formation of new chemical substances.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Homogeneous vs. Heterogeneous Mixtures

Homogeneous mixtures have uniform composition throughout (e.g., saltwater). Heterogeneous mixtures do not have uniform composition (e.g., salad).

Phase Changes

Sublimation is solid to gas. Freezing is liquid to solid. Boiling is liquid to gas. Melting is solid to liquid.

Atomic Number vs. Mass Number

Atomic number is the number of protons. Mass number is the total number of protons and neutrons.

Ionic vs. Covalent Bonds

Ionic bonds: transfer of electrons (metal + nonmetal). Covalent bonds: sharing of electrons (nonmetal + nonmetal).

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Physical vs. Chemical Changes

Physical changes alter form/appearance (e.g., melting ice). Chemical changes involve a new substance (e.g., burning wood).

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Study Notes

  • This is a review for the midterm exam in College Preparatory Chemistry (CHEM 010) for Spring 2025 at Bahamas Baptist University College

Topics to Review

  • Matter can be classified as homogeneous or heterogeneous mixtures; learn to identify examples of each, including pure substances
  • Phase changes include sublimation, freezing, boiling, and melting; understand the definitions of each and be able to provide examples
  • Atomic structure includes the atomic number, mass number, and subatomic particles, which are protons, neutrons, and electrons
  • Periodic table basics include knowing the chemical symbols for common elements and how elements are arranged by atomic number
  • Bohr model explains energy levels and electron distribution within an atom
  • Matter can be classified as compounds or mixtures; know the difference between physical and chemical properties
  • Physical changes and chemical changes should be understood with examples of each type
  • The SI unit for temperature is Kelvin; be able to perform common conversions
  • Valence electrons are the number of valence electrons in key elements and their role in bonding
  • Types of bonds include ionic and covalent bonds; be able to provide examples
  • Physical and chemical changes have specific definitions, examples, and distinguishing characteristics
  • Unit conversions can be performed using the Factor Theory Method
  • Atomic structure table includes its use to understand atomic number, mass number, and particle counts for elements
  • Electron configuration is writing electron configurations for common elements
  • Density calculations include the formula (Density = Mass / Volume); practice solving problems using this formula
  • Dalton's atomic theory includes learning the key postulates and importance in modern chemistry
  • Chemical bonds are the definitions and examples of ionic and covalent bonds and the role of valence electrons in bonding

Study Tips

  • Review lecture notes and textbook readings
  • Practice solving conversion problems
  • Memorize periodic table trends and element properties
  • Create flashcards for key definitions and concepts
  • Take practice quizzes to test understanding

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Description

Review material for the CHEM 010 midterm, covering matter classification (homogeneous/heterogeneous mixtures, pure substances), phase changes, and atomic structure. Key topics include the periodic table, Bohr model, physical/chemical properties, and SI units.

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