Charles Darwin's Discoveries Quiz 317

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What did Darwin observe about the embryos of different species?

They develop similarly (correct)

They all look different

They have identical features

They come from different origins

According to Darwin, what led to the diversity of life?

Genetic drift

Specific breeding

Random chance

Natural selection (correct)

How did Darwin perceive nature compared to Victorian society?

As a stagnant ecosystem

As a battlefield (correct)

As a chaotic environment

As a friendly place

Based on Darwin's observations, why did certain creatures win battles with other species?

Due to fitness for their environments Signup and view all the answers

Why do finches have beaks of different sizes and shapes?

To adapt to different foods on their islands Signup and view all the answers

What did Darwin conclude about variations within species?

Variations accumulate and create new species Signup and view all the answers

Why is DNA mutation important in evolution?

It introduces variation Signup and view all the answers

How did the fur color of mice in the Arizona desert relate to their environment?

Black-furred mice lived on black rock, while white-furred mice lived on white rock Signup and view all the answers

Where did Darwin make his first important discovery?

Argentina Signup and view all the answers

What was Darwin's main area of research during his voyage?

Galapagos Islands Signup and view all the answers

How can locals determine the origin of a tortoise in the Galapagos Islands?

By their shell patterns Signup and view all the answers

What did Darwin begin to collect during his voyage?

Finches Signup and view all the answers

What was the main difference among the species of finches Darwin collected?

Type of beak Signup and view all the answers

What did Darwin conclude about the relationship between finches' beaks and tortoises' shells?

They evolved through natural selection Signup and view all the answers

What made the Galapagos Islands a unique location for Darwin's research?

The variety of climates on different islands Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason large mammals are not good candidates to study in the laboratory?

They are difficult to house Signup and view all the answers

Why did the paintbrush gene create spots in one type of fruit fly and not in the other?

Different genes were activated in each fruit fly Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of the genome does not code for proteins?

98% Signup and view all the answers

What is a gene switch?

A DNA segment that turns a gene on or off Signup and view all the answers

What determines the type of finch that will form inside the embryo?

Switches being turned on/off in each type of beak Signup and view all the answers

Why did Neil Shubin decide to look for a specific fossil in Ellesmere Island?

It was close to the time when fish moved to land Signup and view all the answers

What did the fossil Tiktaalik indicate about the animal?

It was a freshwater fish Signup and view all the answers

What was the possible reason why the fish Tiktaalik wanted to get onto land?

'To escape predators' Signup and view all the answers

What was the function of the DNA that differed from chimpanzees at 13 places?

Caused a disease in muscle Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of Hox genes?

Responsible for body patterning in complex animals Signup and view all the answers

How did Stedman identify the gene related to muscular dystrophy?

By observing missing DNA letters Signup and view all the answers

What did inserting the DNA sequence into a mouse embryo aim to achieve?

Study the effects on paw development Signup and view all the answers

How does the human brain differ from a chimpanzee's brain?

Human brain is significantly larger Signup and view all the answers

Why did Darwin visit the orangutan Jenny at a nearby zoo?

To study human behaviors in primates Signup and view all the answers

What did tracking the DNA sequence in the mouse embryo reveal?

'Switch' in thumb development Signup and view all the answers

What gene did Walsh find?

A gene that controls brain cell division Signup and view all the answers

Why do chimp brain growth plates close earlier than in humans?

To allow the brain to grow for a longer duration in humans Signup and view all the answers

What is microcephaly?

A state where the brain stops growing prematurely Signup and view all the answers

What is the cortex responsible for?

Influencing characteristics like language and music in humans Signup and view all the answers

How did the healthy human gene compare with the gene in chimps?

The genes were radically different with numerous mutations Signup and view all the answers

What is one thing that you would tell Darwin after watching this documentary?

'Darwinian evolution is well-supported by current research' Signup and view all the answers