Characteristics of Well-Written Texts

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of a topic sentence within a paragraph?

  • To introduce the main idea of the paragraph. (correct)
  • To present a detailed analysis of the topic.
  • To provide a summary of the entire essay.
  • To offer a counter argument.

What distinguishes an essay's thesis statement from a topic sentence?

  • A thesis statement is only used in argumentative essays.
  • A thesis statement is shorter and less detailed.
  • A thesis statement introduces the topic, while a topic sentence concludes it.
  • A thesis statement presents the main claim of an entire essay, while a topic sentence presents the main idea of a single paragraph. (correct)

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a well-written text?

  • Employing repetitive sentence structures. (correct)
  • Maintaining unity in sentences.
  • Creating variety in sentence structure.
  • Using clear language to convey ideas.

What does 'avoiding circumlocution' mean in the context of writing with clarity?

<p>Talking directly and concisely about the point. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which revision best corrects the following sentence for clarity? 'The very large dog, who was also extremely hairy, quite old, and rather slow, went for a walk.'

<p>The old, large, slow and hairy dog went for a walk. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'avoiding redundant expressions' mean when writing?

<p>Avoiding words or phrases that repeat what has already been stated. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the relationship between the hook, topic sentence and thesis statement in a text?

<p>The hook introduces the topic; topic sentence introduces the main idea of a paragraph and the thesis statement the main claim of the whole text. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of verbosity in writing?

<p>Using a lot of words when fewer would be better. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which sentence demonstrates the use of a verbal phrase at the beginning?

<p>Mulling over her problem, Dorina suddenly remembered her mother's advice. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of using transposed appositives in a sentence?

<p>To vary sentence beginnings by placing the appositive at the start (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following sentences demonstrates the technique of varying sentence length?

<p>She walked quickly. The dog barked loudly. They ran far. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In sentence structure, what is a balanced sentence primarily used for?

<p>To express contrast or similarity between sentence parts of equal length and structure. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these sentences demonstrates an inverted sentence?

<p>Through the dark forest strode the traveler. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What issue is addressed by avoiding overuse of 'and' and 'so'?

<p>It reduces monotony through varied sentence structures. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which sentence best avoids overusing 'and' and 'so'?

<p>Because it was cold, he wore a jacket; conversely, she wore a t-shirt. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of using a variety of long, short, and average length sentences?

<p>It enhances the flow and appeal of writing by keeping readers engaged. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which sentence demonstrates the most effective way to avoid circumlocution?

<p>It might rain this afternoon. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which sentence best avoids placing emphasis on unimportant details?

<p>The meeting was productive. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which sentence demonstrates the most concise way to avoid verbosity?

<p>My best friend gave me this beautiful bracelet. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following sentences avoids using mixed figures of speech?

<p>Let's address this issue and kill two birds with one stone. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which revision best demonstrates unity of ideas in a sentence?

<p>Sarah, the president of the Student Council, is also a member of Section Kindness. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which sentence begins with a prepositional phrase?

<p>After watching a movie, Lolit went to the grocery. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which sentence demonstrates the principle of climax?

<p>He studied hard, did his project, and received many accolades for his work. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which sentence begins with a single-word modifier?

<p>Happily, Leah received her award. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which sentence begins with a dependent clause?

<p>After the rain had stopped, he cleaned the porch. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of anaphora in a text?

<p>To reference something previously mentioned. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the sentence: 'They are self-disciplined and practice dedicated meditation. These people are known as Buddhists', what type of reference is 'these people'?

<p>Cataphoric (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following represents an elliptical sentence?

<p>Quickly, into the house! (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of varying the position of words in a sentence?

<p>To add emphasis and variety. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the sentence 'First, we'll reduce taxes for all teachers.We'll also introduce a 4-day working week', which of these illustrates anaphora?

<p>the use of 'we' to indicate who is implementing the policies. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A person says: 'I know a man that has won the lottery'. What does 'a man' refer to?

<p>Neither anaphoric nor cataphoric reference. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these options represents a situation where cataphora is used?

<p>She, who is the best, will win this competition once again. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Connected Discourse

A form of written text where ideas flow logically and cohesively.

Topic Sentence

The first sentence of a paragraph that indicates its main idea.

Thesis Statement

A sentence asserting the main claim of an essay, usually in the introduction.

Clarity in Writing

Expressing ideas simply without unnecessary details or redundancy.

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Unity in Sentences

All sentences in a paragraph should support the paragraph's main idea.

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Structure Variety

Using different sentence structures to make writing more engaging.

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Avoiding Verbosity

Using fewer words to express a point without losing meaning.

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Redundant Expressions

Repetitive phrases that provide no additional meaning.

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Elliptical sentences

Sentences that omit some words to emphasize brevity, often used in dialogues.

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Position of words

Using word placement in a sentence to create emphasis and variety.

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Principle of climax

Saving the best or most important information for the end of a sentence.

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Anaphoric reference

A reference in text that points back to something previously mentioned.

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Cataphoric reference

A reference in text that points forward to something that will be mentioned later.

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Example of anaphora

The use of anaphoric reference, like mentioning 'Buddhists' after explaining their practices.

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Example of cataphora

The use of cataphoric reference in a sentence, such as stating 'These people are known as Buddhists' after describing them.

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Varied sentence structure

Using different structures in sentences to maintain reader interest and enhance clarity.

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Avoid Circumlocution

Talking around the point instead of stating it clearly.

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Emphasis on Unimportant Details

Focusing on minor details rather than the main point.

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Avoid Verbosity

Using many words when fewer would suffice.

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Vary Sentence Beginnings

Start sentences with different parts of speech.

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Begin with a Prepositional Phrase

Start a sentence using a preposition to add depth.

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Start with a Single-Word Modifier

Lead a sentence with an adverb or adjective.

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Begin with a Dependent Clause

Start with a clause that cannot stand alone.

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Varied Sentence Beginnings

Starting sentences in different ways to enhance writing style.

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Verbal Phrase

A phrase beginning with a verb, often setting the stage for action.

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Transposed Appositive

A rephrased noun phrase that adds descriptive information, placed before the subject.

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Sentence Length Variation

Using a combination of short, long, and medium sentences for interest.

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Complex Sentences

Sentences composed of one independent clause and at least one dependent clause.

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Avoiding Overuse of Conjunctions

Limiting repeated use of 'and' or 'so' for better flow.

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Inverted Sentences

Sentences that start with a complementary piece before the subject for effect.

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Balanced Sentences

Sentences where parts are similar in length and structure, often to express contrast.

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Study Notes

Properties of a Well-Written Text

  • Objectives:
    • Describe a written text as connected discourse.
    • Identify and apply characteristics of a well-written text.

Paragraphs vs. Essays

  • Paragraphs:

    • Begin with a topic sentence.
    • Sentences are ordered logically.
    • Relatively shorter in length.

  • Essays:

    • Consist of a thesis statement.
    • Organized logically.
    • Relatively longer in length.

Topic Sentence

  • The first sentence of a paragraph.
  • Signals the paragraph's main idea to the reader.
  • Example: "Social media has transformed how people interact in modern society."

Thesis Statement

  • Main claim or central argument of an essay.
  • Often the last sentence(s) of the introduction.
  • Example: "The rise of social media has significantly influenced communication, relationships, and personal identity, both positively and negatively."

Social Media Impact

  • Social media is an integral part of modern life.
  • People use platforms like Facebook, Instagram, and TikTok to connect, share experiences, and build careers.
  • While offering numerous benefits, social media also presents challenges impacting mental health, personal relationships, and privacy.
  • The rise of social media has significantly influenced communication, relationships, and personal identity, both positively and negatively.

Hook, Topic Sentence, and Thesis Statement

  • Hook: Grabs attention; broad and general.
  • Topic Sentence: Specific to one paragraph; introduces the main idea.
  • Thesis Statement: States main argument; covers the entire essay

Principles of a Well-Written Text

  • Expressing Ideas with Clarity
  • Showing Unity in Sentences
  • Creating Variety in Structure

Expressing Ideas with Clarity

  • Avoid too many details in one sentence.
  • Avoid redundant expressions.
  • Avoid circumlocution (talking around the point).
  • Avoid emphasizing unimportant details.
  • Avoid verbosity (using too many words).
  • Avoid using mixed figures of speech.

Showing Unity in Sentences

  • A sentence has unity when all ideas are closely related and contribute to a single impression.
  • Examples provided illustrate both good and poor sentence structure in terms of unity.

Creating Variety in Structure

  • Vary sentence beginnings
    • Start with a prepositional phrase.
    • Start with a single-word modifier.
    • Start with a dependent clause.
    • Start with a verbal phrase.
    • Start with a transposed appositive.
  • Vary sentence lengths.
  • Avoid overuse of "and," "so."
  • Vary sentence types (using inverted sentences).
  • Use balanced sentences to express contrast.

Anaphoric and Cataphoric References

  • Anaphoric: References something already mentioned.
  • Cataphoric: References something introduced later.
  • Examples of both types of reference are provided.

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