Characteristics of Phase Shift Modulation
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Questions and Answers

What does a phase shift of 90 degrees represent in phase shift modulation?

  • 1 (correct)
  • 0
  • No shift
  • 2

    • Phase Shift Keying modulates both amplitude and frequency of the signal.

    False

    What are the typical download and upload speeds for a DSL connection?

    Download: 5-15 Mbps, Upload: 1-2 Mbps

    The Gigabit Ethernet Standard operates at ________ Mbps.

    <p>1000</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following networking technologies with their operation speeds:

    <p>Ethernet = 10 Mbps Fast Ethernet = 100 Mbps Gigabit Ethernet Standard = 1000 Mbps Cable modem = 10-20 Mbps</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of communication protocols?

    <p>To standardize rules for communicating</p> Signup and view all the answers

    International agreements have no impact on the functioning of the Internet.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the physical layer of a communication protocol handle?

    <p>The exchange of binary data across physical channels.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Internet Society is involved in setting standards and promoting __________.

    <p>research</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following physical transmission types with their characteristics:

    <p>Fiber-optic = Transmits data using light Twisted-pair = Uses copper wires twisted together Wireless = Uses radio waves for transmission Coaxial = Has a central conductor surrounded by insulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of network layer protocols?

    <p>To transmit messages across multiple nodes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A Domain Name Service (DNS) maps IP addresses to host names.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a unique numerical address used by computers?

    <p>141.140.1.5</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The process of selecting the best path through a network is known as __________.

    <p>routing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following terms with their definitions:

    <p>IP address = Unique numerical address used by a computer Host name = Human-friendly name for a node DNS = Service that maps host names to IP addresses Routing = Finding the best path through a network</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the ARQ algorithm primarily focus on?

    <p>Error detection and correction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The purpose of the Data Link layer is to ensure that messages arrive in the right order and without any errors.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the components included in a packet at the Data Link layer?

    <p>Markers for start and end of packet, sequence number, packet data, error-checking bits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Data Link layer aims to create a virtual _______ message pipe.

    <p>error-free</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following functions with their corresponding descriptions in the Data Link Layer.

    <p>Transmission of packets = Sending data across the network Error detection = Identifying and correcting transmission errors Acknowledgment = Sending confirmation of packet receipt Packet structure = Defining the format of data packets</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary range of Bluetooth connectivity?

    <p>30-50 feet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Wireless local area networks (WLANs) can transmit data over distances greater than 300 feet.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name one common example of a wireless local area network (WLAN) area.

    <p>Coffee shop</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Wireless wide area networks (WWAN) use __________ technology for communication.

    <p>cellular</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following network topologies with their descriptions:

    <p>Bus topology = Shared lines where devices take turns using the line Ring topology = Messages circulate in a loop until they reach the source Star topology = All devices connect to a central node that routes messages Mesh topology = Every device connects to every other device</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes a Wi-Fi hot spot?

    <p>A public area providing wireless internet access</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Ethernet LANs, the bus topology uses multiple cables over short distances.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does ISP stand for in networking?

    <p>Internet Service Provider</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The maximum transmission speed for 4G technology is typically ________ Mbps.

    <p>20</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of wide area networks (WANs)?

    <p>They cover large geographical areas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Characteristics of Phase Shift Modulation

    • Phase Shift Keying (PSK) modulates the phase of a carrier wave to represent digital data.
    • A phase shift of 0 degrees corresponds to binary 0.
    • A phase shift of 90 degrees indicates binary 1.
    • Amplitude and frequency of the signal remain constant during modulation.

    Basic Networking Concepts

    • Broadband is classified as transmission rates exceeding 256 kbps.
    • Asymmetric download/upload rates are common for home users with DSL, offering download speeds of 5-15 Mbps and upload speeds of 1-2 Mbps.
    • Cable modems use TV cable lines for internet, yielding download speeds of 10-20 Mbps and upload speeds of 1-3 Mbps.

    Networking Technologies for Commercial Users

    • Ethernet, developed in the 1970s, operates at 10 Mbps using dedicated coaxial cable.
    • Fast Ethernet, introduced in the early 1990s, operates at 100 Mbps on coaxial, fiber-optic, or twisted-pair lines.
    • Gigabit Ethernet, established in the late 1990s under an IEEE standard, functions at 1000 Mbps.

    Wireless Data Communication

    • Employs radio, microwave, and infrared signals to connect mobile devices like laptops and smartphones.
    • Bluetooth technology connects devices wirelessly within a range of 30-50 feet, commonly used for peripherals such as mice and speakers.

    Wireless Local Area Networks (WLAN)

    • WLAN allows computers to communicate wirelessly through a base station linked to a wired network, with a typical range of 150-300 feet.
    • Standards include Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity) and the IEEE 802.11 series.
    • Wi-Fi hotspots are available in public spaces like libraries and cafes, while metropolitan Wi-Fi provides city-wide wireless access.

    Wireless Wide Area Networks (WWAN)

    • Operate as remote wireless communications with base stations utilizing cellular technology.
    • 4G networks transmit voice and data at speeds ranging from 5 to 20 Mbps, though signal quality can deteriorate indoors.
    • Wireless data is vulnerable to interception, necessitating robust security measures.

    Local Area Networks (LAN)

    • Characterized by wired connections among devices in close proximity, typically within homes or office environments.
    • LANs are privately owned, employing various topologies such as bus, ring, and star to structure connections among nodes.

    Ethernet LAN Configurations

    • Bus topology employs a single cable for communication, with repeaters used for signal amplification over longer distances.
    • Star topology centralizes data traffic to a central node (switch) which directs messages efficiently across the network.

    Wide Area Networks (WAN)

    • WANs link computers separated by large distances using various wired connections.
    • Employ either dedicated point-to-point lines or packet-switched methods for transmitting data.
    • Dynamic routing adapts to changing network conditions, ensuring efficiency and redundancy.

    Internet Structure

    • The Internet comprises interconnected LANs and WANs, managed by routers that facilitate message traffic.
    • Internet Service Providers (ISPs) offer access at various tiers: local, regional, national, and international.

    Communication Protocols

    • Protocols establish rules governing data communication, evolving over time due to international agreements facilitated by organizations like the Internet Society.
    • TCP/IP is a protocol stack outlining layers from physical transmission to application-level rules.

    Physical Layer Protocols

    • Govern the transfer of binary data across various media (fiber-optic, twisted-pair, wireless).
    • Define aspects like bit presence timing and representation of binary values (0 and 1).
    • Ensure error detection and correction with mechanisms like ACK messages and retransmissions.
    • Packets are structured with start/end markers, sequence numbers, and error-checking bits for integrity.

    Network Layer Protocols

    • Focus on message routing across multiple nodes, requiring standardized addressing and routing methodologies.
    • Internet Protocol (IP) provides a numerical addressing system (e.g., IP address 141.140.1.5) and utilizes Domain Name Service (DNS) for name resolution.

    Routing Protocols

    • Efficiently determine paths for data packets in the network, prioritizing the shortest or most effective routes.
    • Adapt to network dynamics as nodes continuously connect or disconnect, maintaining robust communication pathways.

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    Description

    This quiz explores the fundamentals of Phase Shift Modulation, also known as Phase Shift Keying. It covers key concepts such as the significance of phase shifts in representing binary values while keeping amplitude and frequency unchanged. Ideal for students interested in modern modulation techniques and networking.

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