Characteristics of Living Organisms
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Questions and Answers

What is the function of the revolving nosepiece in a compound light microscope?

  • To move the stage
  • To focus the microscope
  • To adjust the light source
  • To hold and rotate the objective lenses (correct)

    • What is the purpose of the coarse-adjustment knob in a microscope?

  • To move the stage
  • To change the objective lenses
  • To adjust the light source
  • To focus the microscope (correct)

    • What is the function of the condenser lens in a microscope?

  • To focus the light onto the object (correct)
  • To magnify the image
  • To move the stage
  • To adjust the light source

    • What is the purpose of the stage in a microscope?

    <p>To hold the microscope slide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the light source in a microscope?

    <p>To illuminate the object being viewed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the fine-adjustment knob in a microscope?

    <p>To make small adjustments to the focus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the eyepiece in a microscope?

    <p>To magnify the image</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the proper way to change objective lenses in a microscope?

    <p>By rotating the revolving nosepiece</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might a biologist think that the cell is the most important characteristic of living organisms?

    <p>Because cells are the smallest unit of life</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic of living things is shown in the example of a cat purring when petted?

    <p>Response to stimuli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are a dandelion and a deer alike?

    <p>They are both living organisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one way to persuade the alien visitor that cars are not alive?

    <p>By explaining that cars are made of metal and plastic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a microscope?

    <p>To make an object appear larger</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum size of an object that can be seen with the unaided eye?

    <p>0.1 mm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is true about the dots in the circle of dots?

    <p>They are all separate from each other</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reason why we cannot see certain living things around us?

    <p>Because they are too small</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What remains stacked together solidly even after the cells have ceased to carry out their living functions?

    <p>Cell walls</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the structures in which photosynthesis takes place?

    <p>Chloroplasts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of vacuoles?

    <p>To store surplus food, wastes, and other substances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the energy source used in photosynthesis?

    <p>Energy from the Sun</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a living part of a tree?

    <p>Cell walls</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What surrounds vacuoles?

    <p>A membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the product of photosynthesis?

    <p>Carbohydrates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are chloroplasts typically found?

    <p>In the leaves and growing tips of branches</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first step in measuring the diameter of the field of view?

    <p>Focus on the ruler and move it so that one of the centimetre markings is at the left edge of the field of view</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are millimetre markings on the ruler not suitable for direct measurement of the field of view for lenses with magnification higher than 10×?

    <p>Because they are too far apart</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct way to unplug the microscope?

    <p>By pulling out the plug</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should you do before measuring the diameter of the field of view?

    <p>Focus on the ruler and move it so that one of the centimetre markings is at the left edge of the field of view</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do you need to calculate the field of view for a higher magnification?

    <p>Because the field of view cannot be measured directly for lenses with magnification higher than 10×</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using a clear plastic ruler on the microscope stage?

    <p>To measure the diameter of the field of view</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should you do after setting the microscope to the low-power objective?

    <p>Focus on the ruler and move it so that one of the centimetre markings is at the left edge of the field of view</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unit of measurement for the diameter of the field of view?

    <p>Millimetres</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the cell membrane structure?

    <p>To control the movement of substances into and out of the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the ink particles in the container over time?

    <p>They become evenly dispersed with the water particles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of diffusion in everyday life?

    <p>A sugar cube is left in a beaker of water for a while</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the model that describes the constant movement of particles in all liquids and gases?

    <p>Particle model</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Can solids diffuse?

    <p>No, solids cannot diffuse through liquids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of demonstrating the mixture of water and sand in two bags?

    <p>To determine if each bag is permeable, impermeable, or selectively permeable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the movement of substances from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration?

    <p>Diffusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when the top of a perfume bottle is removed?

    <p>The fumes of perfume rise from the bottle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Characteristics of Living Organisms

    • Biologists consider cells as the most important characteristic of living organisms.

    Characteristics of Living Things

    • A cat purrs when petted, showing response to stimuli.
    • A robin eats a worm, exhibiting nutrition.
    • A plant gives off oxygen, demonstrating respiration.
    • A runner sweats after a race, showing response to stimuli.

    Dandelion and Deer Comparison

    • Both the dandelion and the deer are living things.
    • However, the dandelion is a plant, while the deer is an animal.

    Automobiles vs. Living Things

    • Automobiles may seem to exhibit characteristics of living things, such as movement, consumption of energy, and waste production, but they are not alive.
    • They do not grow, reproduce, or respond to stimuli in the same way living organisms do.

    Microscopes and Cells

    • Microscopes are used to enlarge objects too small to be seen with the unaided eye.
    • The human eye can only see objects larger than 0.1 mm.
    • A compound light microscope has parts such as the eyepiece, tube, coarse-adjustment knob, fine-adjustment knob, revolving nosepiece, objective lenses, stage, condenser lens, diaphragm, and light source.

    Using a Microscope

    • To use a microscope, set it to low-power objective and place a clear plastic ruler on the stage.
    • Focus on the ruler and measure the diameter of the field of view in millimeters.

    Cell Structure

    • Cell walls remain stacked together solidly, even after cells have ceased to carry out their living functions.
    • The only living parts of a tree are the leaves, growing tips of branches and roots, a thin layer of cells just under the bark, and the pith in the centre of the roots and branches.

    Cellular Components

    • Vacuoles are balloon-like spaces within the cytoplasm, used for storage of surplus food, wastes, and other substances.
    • Chloroplasts are structures where photosynthesis takes place, using energy from the Sun to make carbohydrates.

    Diffusion

    • Diffusion is the movement of substances from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
    • It occurs in situations such as a sugar cube dissolving in water or fumes of perfume rising from a bottle.
    • Solids cannot diffuse, but their particles can move through a liquid or gas.

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    Description

    This quiz assesses understanding of the fundamental characteristics of living organisms, including cell structure and responses to stimuli.

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