Characteristics of Life Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the cell theory's first statement regarding living things?

  • Cells can exist independently of living things.
  • All cells come from viruses.
  • All living things are multicellular.
  • Living things are made up of one or more cells. (correct)

What ensures the genetic continuity from generation to generation?

  • Metabolism
  • Assimilation
  • Photosynthesis
  • Reproduction (correct)

In which type of reproduction do organisms duplicate an identical cell?

  • Genetic reproduction
  • Sexual reproduction
  • Asexual reproduction (correct)
  • Binary fission

What do autotrophs use to produce their own glucose?

<p>Chlorophyll and sunlight (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which molecule is primarily responsible for carrying genetic information?

<p>DNA (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the sum of all chemical reactions occurring within an organism?

<p>Metabolism (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of life?

<p>Ability to form crystals (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group of organisms cannot make their own glucose?

<p>Heterotrophs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is necessary for a unicellular organism to grow and develop?

<p>It must increase the volume of its cytoplasm. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process must a multicellular organism undergo to grow and develop?

<p>Cell division and specialization. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct sequence of biological organization from smallest to largest?

<p>cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do all living things respond to their environment?

<p>By adapting to changes in external stimuli or internal processes. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is homeostasis in the context of living organisms?

<p>A state of equilibrium or constant internal balance. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who proposed the mechanism of natural selection?

<p>Charles Darwin. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does fitness refer to in biological terms?

<p>The capacity to survive and reproduce effectively. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about evolution is true?

<p>Mutations in DNA can lead to variations in traits. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What component is critical for autotrophs to produce their own glucose during photosynthesis?

<p>Chlorophyll (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary distinction between unicellular and multicellular organisms?

<p>Multicellular organisms consist of multiple cells. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do heterotrophs require to acquire energy?

<p>Consumption of other organisms (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What must unicellular organisms increase in order to grow and develop?

<p>The volume of their cytoplasm (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the term 'metabolism'?

<p>The sum of all chemical reactions in an organism (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What process must multicellular organisms undergo to ensure growth?

<p>Cell division (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can genetic information be classified in living organisms?

<p>DNA and RNA (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do all living things respond to changes in their environment?

<p>By maintaining homeostasis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term refers to the ability of an organism to maintain a stable internal environment?

<p>Homeostasis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of reproduction involves the combination of sperm and egg?

<p>Sexual reproduction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of reproduction in living organisms?

<p>To produce offspring and ensure genetic continuity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What mechanism did Charles Darwin propose to explain evolution?

<p>Natural selection (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic distinguishes viruses from living organisms?

<p>Lack of several characteristics of life (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is indicated by the term 'fitness' in biological terms?

<p>The ability to survive and reproduce (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term describes the changes that living organisms undergo over time?

<p>Evolution (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which level of organization is the most complex for living organisms?

<p>Organ system (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Characteristics of Life

The common features shared by all living organisms, regardless of their size, complexity, or environment.

Cell Theory

The fundamental concept stating that all living things are composed of cells, cells come from pre-existing cells, and the cell is the basic unit of life.

Reproduction

The biological process by which living organisms create offspring to ensure the continuity of their genetic information.

Sexual Reproduction

A type of reproduction where offspring are produced from the combination of genetic material from two parents.

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Asexual Reproduction

A type of reproduction where offspring inherit genetic material from a single parent, creating genetically identical copies.

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DNA/RNA

Molecules carrying genetic information; DNA in most organisms; RNA in some viruses.

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Autotrophs

Organisms that make their own food using energy from sunlight or other chemical sources.

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Heterotrophs

Organisms that cannot make their own food and obtain energy by consuming other organisms.

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Unicellular organism growth

Unicellular organisms grow by increasing the volume of their cytoplasm, gaining more cytosol (liquid).

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Multicellular organism growth

Multicellular organisms grow through cell division and specialization.

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Levels of Biological Organization

A hierarchical structure of life, starting from atoms and molecules to organisms and organ systems.

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Organism Response to Environment

Living things respond to changes (stimuli) in their external and internal environment.

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Homeostasis

A stable internal environment of an organism, maintained in equilibrium or balance.

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Evolution

The process of change in organisms over time, driven by natural selection.

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Natural Selection

Organisms with beneficial traits for survival and reproduction are more successful, leading to their adaptation.

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Fitness

The ability of an organism to survive and reproduce in its environment.

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What are living things made of?

All living organisms are composed of one or more cells. This is the basis of the cell theory.

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Where do cells come from?

Cells can only arise from pre-existing cells. They don't spontaneously appear.

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What is the purpose of reproduction?

Reproduction is the process that ensures the continuity of life by creating offspring and passing on genetic information.

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What are the two main types of reproduction?

There are two types: sexual reproduction involves the combination of genetic material from two parents, while asexual reproduction produces offspring from a single parent.

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What is DNA?

DNA is a molecule that carries the genetic instructions for an organism's development and function.

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How do autotrophs get energy?

Autotrophs are organisms that can make their own food, such as plants, using a process called photosynthesis, utilizing sunlight and chlorophyll.

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How do heterotrophs get energy?

Heterotrophs cannot make their own food and must consume other organisms to get energy. They are like the consumers in a food chain.

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What is metabolism?

Metabolism refers to all the chemical reactions that take place within an organism's cells to sustain life. It is the sum of all chemical processes.

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What makes a unicellular organism grow?

A unicellular organism grows by increasing its cytoplasm, the jelly-like substance inside the cell, which is mainly composed of cytosol (liquid).

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How do multicellular organisms grow?

Multicellular organisms grow through two processes: cell division (creating new cells) and cell specialization (cells becoming different types with specific functions).

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What is the hierarchy of life?

The hierarchy of life is a system of organization from smallest to largest, starting with atoms, molecules, organelle, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, and finally, organisms.

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How do organisms respond to their environment?

Living things respond to changes in their environment, called stimuli. These changes can be external (like temperature) or internal (like blood sugar levels).

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What is homeostasis?

Homeostasis is the ability of an organism to maintain a stable internal state, like a balanced temperature or blood pressure, despite changes in the environment.

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What is evolution?

Evolution is the process of change in organisms over time, driven by natural selection, where traits that help survival and reproduction become more common.

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What is natural selection?

Natural selection is the process where organisms with traits better suited for their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce, passing those traits to their offspring.

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What is fitness?

Fitness is the ability of an organism to survive and reproduce in its environment, which is determined by how well its traits allow it to succeed.

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Study Notes

Characteristics of Life

  • Living things exhibit similar characteristics, whether simple or complex
  • All living things are composed of cells
  • Cell Theory:
    • Living organisms are made of one or more cells
    • All cells originate from pre-existing cells
    • The cell is the basic unit of life
  • All living things reproduce
    • Reproduction creates offspring, ensuring genetic continuity
    • Two types of reproduction: sexual (involving sperm and egg) and asexual (duplication of a cell)
  • Genetic information is encoded in DNA, a molecule of deoxyribonucleic acid.
    • Viruses can have DNA or RNA (in retroviruses) as their genetic material, but viruses do not exhibit all characteristics of life and are thus classified as non-living.
  • All living things require and use energy:
    • Autotrophs (e.g., plants) create their own energy (glucose) through photosynthesis using chlorophyll and sunlight.
    • Heterotrophs (e.g., animals) obtain energy by consuming other organisms.
    • Energy usage is facilitated by chemical reactions known as metabolism.
  • All living things grow and develop
    • Unicellular organisms increase in size by gaining more cytosol
    • Multicellular organisms grow by cell division and specialization into tissues.
  • Living things are organized on multiple levels, from atoms to organ systems
  • Living beings react to changes ('stimuli') in their surroundings
    • Responses can adjust external or internal environments.
    • Homeostasis (constant internal state) is maintained through these responses.
  • Living things adapt and evolve through time.
    • Natural selection is the process by which traits that promote survival and reproduction are favoured.
    • Random mutations in DNA create variability in traits that result in differences amongst individuals.

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Characteristics of Life PDF

Description

Explore the fundamental characteristics that define living organisms in this quiz. Understand concepts such as cell theory, reproduction, and energy use in both autotrophs and heterotrophs. Test your knowledge on how these traits are essential for life.

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