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Questions and Answers
What is the most specific taxonomic classification of an organism?
What is the estimated number of species that can exist on Earth?
Which kingdom do humans belong to?
What is the purpose of the system of classification?
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What is the genus of humans?
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How many species of gorillas are there?
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Which of the following is a characteristic of Eubacteria cell walls?
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What is the primary difference between Archaea and Eubacteria in terms of their habitats?
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What is the highest level of classification in the taxonomy system?
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How many phyla are found in the Fungus Kingdom?
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What is the classification level that groups orders?
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What is the classification level that groups phyla?
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What is the main purpose of classification in biology?
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Who is considered the 'father' of modern taxonomy?
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What characteristic did Aristotle use to group organisms?
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When were organisms first classified?
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What is the branch of science that names and groups organisms according to their characteristics and evolutionary history?
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What is the term for the ranking system used to classify organisms?
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Study Notes
Taxonomic Classification
- There are approximately 1.3 million identified species on Earth, but it's estimated that 8.7 million species can exist on the planet.
- The animal kingdom is the largest with approximately 1 million species, followed by the plant kingdom with approximately 250,000 different species.
Human Classification
- The human species belongs to the kingdom Animalia, phylum Chordata, class Mammalia, order Primates, family Hominidae, genus Homo, and species Homo sapiens.
System of Classification
- The system of classification helps to clarify relationships among organisms, communicate clearly the identity of organisms, improve our predictive powers, and provide stable names.
- This system has been around for a long time and has been continually developed and refined.
Bacteria
- There are two main types of bacteria: Eubacteria (True bacteria) and Archaebacteria (Ancient bacteria).
- Eubacteria have a peptidoglycan cell wall, ester-linked, straight-chain membrane lipids, and reproduce through binary fission, conjugation, transformation, and transduction.
- Archaebacteria have a pseudopeptidoglycan cell wall, ether-linked, branched-chain membrane lipids, and reproduce through binary fission, fragmentation, and budding.
Kingdoms and Phyla
- Kingdoms are below domains, and each phylum is grouped into a kingdom.
- The animal kingdom contains approximately 35 phyla, the plant kingdom contains 14 phyla, and the fungus kingdom contains 8 phyla.
Classes and Orders
- Each order has a class, which is grouped into a phylum.
- There are 107 classes in the animal kingdom, and each class can be broken down into orders.
- The class Mammalia contains mammals, reptiles, and amphibians, and the order Primates contains the family Hominidae.
Objectives
- The objectives of the taxonomic system are to classify organisms using the hierarchical taxonomic system and to create a mnemonic device on the biological taxonomic system.
Early Classification
- Aristotle grouped organisms into simple categories such as animals or plants over 2,000 years ago.
- Carolus Linnaeus developed the modern classification system in the mid 1700s, using characteristics such as outside appearance, internal organs, and how body systems worked.
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Description
This quiz covers the features, habitats, and characteristics of Eubacteria and Archaebacteria, including their cell walls, membrane lipids, and reproduction methods.
