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Questions and Answers
What is one of the assumptions to be considered in a formal learning environment, according to the text?
How do adults respond to external motivators like promotions or higher salaries, based on the text?
What can adults' previous knowledge and experience be in a new learning situation, according to the text?
How do adults expect their prior experience to be acknowledged, as mentioned in the text?
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What best describes how adults arrive in learning scenarios in comparison to children?
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What is one of the characteristics of adult learners?
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What is the importance of instructors getting information from adult students, according to the text?
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According to Merriam & Caffarella (1999), why do adult learners accumulate a reservoir of experience?
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What does Lieb (1991) emphasize about adult learners' connection to new knowledge?
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Why are adults more problem-centered than subject-centered in learning, according to Merriam & Caffarella (1999)?
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What motivates adults to learn, based on Merriam & Caffarella (1999)?
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How can instructors create a comfortable learning environment for adult learners as mentioned in the text?
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Study Notes
Adult Learning Assumptions
- Adults have a deep psychological need to be acknowledged as capable of self-direction and arrive in learning scenarios with a variety of knowledge and experience.
- Adults' previous knowledge can be both an assistance and a hindrance in new learning situations, and they expect their prior experience to be acknowledged.
Independent Self-Concept
- Adults are autonomous, independent, and self-reliant, and they are self-directed towards their goals.
- They need to be free to direct themselves and take responsibility for their learning.
- Not all adults are self-directed, and some may need help to become more self-directed.
Accumulation of Experience
- Adults accumulate a growing reservoir of experience, which is a rich resource for learning.
- Instructors should recognize the value of experience and relate students' experiences to the concepts being learned.
Time Perspective and Practicality
- Adults have a change in time perspective, from future application of knowledge to immediacy of application.
- They are more problem-centered than subject-centered in learning and need to know why they should learn something and how it will benefit them.
- The instructor needs to make the coursework relevant and focus on what is important to the learners.
Motivation
- Adults are motivated to learn by internal factors, such as increased job satisfaction, self-esteem, and quality of life, rather than external ones.
- The learning environment should be comfortable and safe, and respect should be shown to all students.
- Self-reflection is important for the adult learner, and instructors should provide a space for learners to reflect on their performance.
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Description
Explore the unique characteristics of adult learners, including their self-directed nature, wide range of knowledge and experience, and task-centered learning approach. Understand how prior experience can both aid and hinder their learning process.
