Questions and Answers
What is an overview in the context of the meaning of life?
What does 'external meaning' refer to?
Meaning or purpose assigned by God or a metaphysical order.
What is meant by 'internal meaning'?
Meaning that comes from within individuals.
Which of the following pertains to the principle answers of meaning?
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Who are considered pessimists regarding the meaning of life?
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What do optimists believe regarding the external meaning of life?
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How do internalists view the meaning of life?
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What is the perspective on death and its relation to meaning?
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Study Notes
Overview of Life's Meaning
- Examining the meaning of life is a personal journey; it cannot be undertaken by others.
- Confusion about the term "meaning" complicates clear thinking; it can denote both external and internal significance.
External Meaning
- Refers to meaning or purpose derived from outside humanity.
- It is often assigned by divine entities, a metaphysical order, or universal principles.
Internal Meaning
- Pertains to meaning that originates within individuals.
- People create meaning by identifying their goals and purposes as valuable and worthwhile.
Principle Answers of Meaning
- Two overarching perspectives exist regarding the meaning of life:
- Life is deemed meaningless (pessimistic view).
- Life may possess meaning (optimistic view), categorized into:
- External meaning.
- Internal meaning.
Pessimists
- Notable pessimists include Tolstoy, Schopenhauer, and Darrow.
- Baggini highlights a frequent confusion in discussing life's meaning, where claims of meaninglessness often pertain to external meaning.
Optimism in External Sense
- Externalists often adopt a religious perspective, asserting that human life derives meaning through divine plans.
- Tolstoy exemplifies this view, believing that finding meaning necessitates a leap of faith.
Optimism in Internalist Sense
- Internalists assert that meaningful lives can be achieved independent of divine concepts.
- Internalists are divided into:
- Subjectivists: Those who believe they can create their own meaning.
- Objectivists: Those who think meaning is something to be discovered.
Death and Ephemeral Nature
- Many philosophers argue that death does not diminish life’s meaning.
- The transient nature of human endeavors is viewed as irrelevant to the essence of existence's meaning; a meaningful life retains its value regardless of duration.
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Description
Explore key concepts from Chapter 9 about the meaning of life through these informative flashcards. Gain insight into the distinction between internal and external meanings, and understand how personal reflection shapes one's perspective on life's purpose. Ideal for students looking to deepen their understanding of philosophical questions.
