Questions and Answers
What were the consequences of Shays' Rebellion?
It highlighted the need for a stronger national government and led to dissatisfaction with the distribution of power under the Articles of Confederation.
What was the state of the US economy in the years just after the American Revolution?
The worst inflation in American history leading to depression.
What political ideas shaped most of the delegates at the Philadelphia convention?
Commitment to republicanism and fear of too much democracy.
How was the new Constitution shaped during the Constitutional Convention?
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What was the most important objective of the Bill of Rights?
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What were the most important elements of the Judiciary Act of 1789?
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What were the main elements of Alexander Hamilton's economic plan?
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What was the most important controversy in American foreign policy in the 1790s?
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What policies did Congress establish in the late 1700s for dealing with Indians?
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What was Spain's policy toward the US during the 1780s and 1790s?
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How did George Washington respond to the Whiskey Rebellion?
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How would you describe American political parties in the 1790s?
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Why did Congress pass the Alien and Sedition Acts?
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Study Notes
Shays' Rebellion
- Shays' Rebellion was a significant uprising highlighting economic distress post-Revolution.
- Consequence led conservative nationalists to seek a stronger national government due to dissatisfaction with state power distribution under the Articles of Confederation.
Post-Revolution Economy
- The period experienced the worst inflation in American history, leading to a depression.
- Economic issues transformed into political problems as the nation struggled with substantial post-Revolution debt.
Philadelphia Convention Political Ideas
- Delegates largely favored republicanism, fearing excessive democracy.
- Concerns arose that ordinary citizens in power could harm upper class interests and national stability.
Constitutional Convention Outcomes
- The 1787 Convention resulted in a robust federal government with three branches: executive, legislative, and judicial.
- A system of checks and balances was established to prevent any single branch from gaining excessive power.
Bill of Rights
- Primarily aimed to safeguard individual rights against federal government overreach.
Judiciary Act of 1789
- Enabled Congress to determine the Supreme Court's size and create federal court systems.
- Established a Supreme Court with six justices and limited jurisdiction for federal courts.
Alexander Hamilton's Economic Plan
- Proposed creation of a national bank and taxation of individuals.
- Advocated for federal assumption of national and state debts and a shift toward industry over agriculture.
1790s American Foreign Policy Controversy
- Central issue involved obligations under the Franco-American alliance regarding support for France against Britain.
Indian Policy in the Late 1700s
- Congress enacted the Intercourse Act to regulate trade and treaties with Native American tribes.
- Established a federal licensing system and created trading houses, or "factories," for fair trade.
Spain's Policy Toward the US (1780s-90s)
- Implemented anti-American measures to impede western expansion.
- Closed the Mississippi River to American shipping and encouraged immigration to Louisiana and Florida.
George Washington and the Whiskey Rebellion
- Responded decisively by mobilizing a federal army of 13,000 to quell the uprising in western Pennsylvania.
- Arrests were made, and two individuals were convicted of treason.
American Political Parties in the 1790s
- Federalist Party: Advocated for a strong federal government, allied with Britain, opposed the French Revolution.
- Democratic-Republic Party: Emerged in opposition to Federalists, favored limited federal power, supported the French Revolution, and drew support from southern planters and northern farmers.
Alien and Sedition Acts
- Enacted by Federalists to undermine Democratic-Republicans.
- The Alien Act allowed wartime deportation or imprisonment of suspected aliens.
- The Sedition Act imposed severe penalties for criticism of the government, curtailing free speech.
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Description
Test your knowledge on Chapter 8 of History 17A with this quiz focusing on Shays' Rebellion. Explore the economic consequences and implications that this uprising had on the early US government structure. Perfect for reinforcing your understanding of this significant historical event.
