Chapter 8: Fundamentals of Flight Instruments
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of inspecting the opening of the pitot tube during pre-flight checks?

  • To ensure the tube is securely attached to the aircraft
  • To verify the last calibration date of the instrument
  • To compare the reading with a known field elevation
  • To check for any visible blockages that may affect airflow (correct)

    • What is the recommended method for checking the airflow in a pitot tube?

  • Using a calibrated test equipment to simulate different altitudes
  • Gently blowing into the pitot tube or using a designated device (correct)
  • Reviewing the aircraft's maintenance records
  • Comparing the reading with a known field elevation

    • What is the purpose of reviewing the aircraft's maintenance records during instrument calibration verification?

  • To verify the last calibration date of the instrument (correct)
  • To simulate different altitudes and airspeeds
  • To determine the required range of operational pressures
  • To compare the reading with a known field elevation

    • What is the primary purpose of a static system test during instrument calibration verification?

    <p>To simulate different altitudes and airspeeds using a calibrated external pressure source</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended method for ensuring accurate instrument calibration?

    <p>By having certified maintenance personnel test the instruments using calibrated test equipment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of deviations from expected values in instrument calibration?

    <p>The pilot's perception of the aircraft's altitude, speed, and climb or descent rate may be compromised</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of calibrating instruments in aircraft?

    <p>To ensure the pilot's perception of the aircraft's altitude, speed, and climb or descent rate is accurate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended frequency for verifying instrument calibration?

    <p>During regular maintenance intervals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of airflow checks during pre-flight inspections?

    <p>To detect any blockages that may affect airflow and instrument readings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the benefit of implementing rigorous pre-flight checks and regular calibration verification?

    <p>Pilots can maintain confidence in their instruments and the safety of their flight</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The calibration of instruments is a simple process that can be performed by anyone.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Airflow checks during pre-flight inspections are only necessary if a pitot tube cover was used.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A static system test is not necessary if the aircraft's maintenance records indicate that the instruments were calibrated recently.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Certified maintenance personnel are not required to perform instrument calibration verification.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Instruments only need to be calibrated during pre-flight checks.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Pilots can determine the accuracy of their instruments by comparing them to other aircraft.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The use of a pitot tube cover is not necessary during parking or storage.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Instrument calibration verification is only necessary for altimeters.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The pilot is responsible for performing instrument calibration verification.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Instrument calibration verification is a one-time process.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What potential hazard can occur if a pitot tube cover is not removed during pre-flight checks?

    <p>Introduction of moisture or contaminants into the tube</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for verifying instrument calibration against known values during pre-flight checks?

    <p>To ensure accurate readings reflect true flight conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using a calibrated external pressure source during a static system test?

    <p>To simulate different altitudes and airspeeds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of not performing regular calibration verification on aircraft instruments?

    <p>Compromised safety due to inaccurate readings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of reviewing maintenance records during instrument calibration verification?

    <p>To verify the last calibration date and ensure it is within the required interval</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of certified maintenance personnel in instrument calibration verification?

    <p>To perform testing using calibrated test equipment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit of implementing rigorous pre-flight checks and regular calibration verification?

    <p>Maintaining confidence in instrument readings and ensuring safety</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of comparing altimeter readings with known field elevations during pre-flight checks?

    <p>To verify instrument calibration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of airflow checks during pre-flight inspections?

    <p>To detect any blockages or restrictions in the pitot tube</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of not removing blockages or restrictions from the pitot tube during pre-flight checks?

    <p>Inaccurate airspeed readings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Pre-Flight Checks: Pitot-Static System

    • The pitot-static system provides critical data for airspeed indicator, altimeter, and vertical speed indicator, which are essential for safe flight experience.
    • A malfunction in the pitot-static system can lead to safety hazards, making thorough inspection crucial.

    Pre-Flight Inspection Procedures

    • Inspect the pitot tube for blockages, ice, or debris, and remove any covers.
    • Ensure static ports are unobstructed by visually inspecting and gently passing a hand over them.
    • Inspect the condition and security of system hoses and connections, ensuring they are intact and tight.
    • Observe the instruments for signs of pitot-static system failure, such as zero readings on airspeed indicators or anomalous readings on altimeters and vertical speed indicators.

    Instrument Safety Checks

    • Airspeed indicator: check for stable needle at zero.
    • Altimeter: set to current airport pressure setting, indicating field elevation accurately.
    • Vertical speed indicator: check for neutral or zero reading during static inspection.

    Detecting Pitot Tube Blockages

    • Pitot tube blockages can occur due to insects, dirt, ice, or small debris, which can lead to incorrect airspeed readings or instrument failure.
    • Visual inspection: inspect the pitot tube for any obstructions or blockages.
    • Manual blockage test: gently run a finger along the inside of the pitot tube to feel for any anomalies or debris.
    • Test equipment: anemometer testers can be used to apply pressure and suction to the pitot tube and static system to ensure they are clear and functional.

    Clearing Blockages and Verification

    • Clear any detected blockages using specialized tools or equipment, often handled by maintenance personnel.
    • Verify the pitot tube is clear pre-flight through a final visual check.
    • Include this pre-flight verification as a routine habit to ensure accurate airspeed data.

    Instrument Calibration and Verification

    • Calibration of instruments is a technical process that requires specialized equipment and techniques.
    • Verification process:
      • Reference to maintenance records: verify the last calibration date.
      • Comparison with known values: compare readings with known field elevation or performance charts.
      • Static system test: perform a static system test using a calibrated external pressure source.
      • Professional calibration: test instruments by certified maintenance personnel using calibrated test equipment.

    Pre-Flight Checks for Pitot-Static System

    • The pitot-static system provides critical data for airspeed, altitude, and vertical speed indicators in every phase of flight.
    • Malfunctions in the system can lead to incorrect readings, posing a safety hazard.

    Importance of Pre-Flight Inspection

    • Pre-flight inspection is crucial to ensure flight readiness and prevent in-flight instrument errors.
    • The pitot tube is prone to blockages due to its exterior position, and visual inspection is essential to detect any debris or ice.

    Steps for Pre-Flight Inspection

    • Visual Inspection: Check pitot tube and static ports for blockages, damage, or tampering.
    • Physical Examination: Gently tap and wiggle the pitot tube to verify security and check for debris.
    • Instrument Check: Check airspeed indicator, altimeter, and vertical speed indicator for anomalies or irregularities in readings.
    • Leak Check: Perform leak check on the pitot-static system if equipped with the means to do so.

    Technique for Checking Pitot Tube for Blockages

    • Visual Confirmation: Inspect the opening of the pitot tube for visible blockages.
    • Airflow Check: Gently blow into the pitot tube or use a designated device to create airflow and listen for air escape.

    Importance of Instrument Calibration

    • Instrument calibration is crucial to ensure accurate readings and prevent in-flight instrument errors.
    • Calibration of instruments is a technical process that requires specialized equipment and techniques.

    Process for Verifying Instrument Calibration

    • Reference to Maintenance Records: Verify last calibration date by reviewing aircraft maintenance records.
    • Comparison with Known Values: Compare readings with known field elevation or performance charts during specific flight conditions.
    • Static System Test: Perform static system test using a calibrated external pressure source.
    • Professional Calibration: Test instruments by certified maintenance personnel using calibrated test equipment.

    Fundamentals of Flight Instruments: Pre-Flight Checks

    • The pitot-static system provides critical data for every phase of flight, and a malfunction can lead to safety hazards.
    • The system directly impacts the airspeed indicator, altimeter, and vertical speed indicator.

    Pre-Flight Inspection Procedures

    • Visually inspect the pitot tube for debris or ice that could clog the opening.
    • Ensure the pitot tube cover is removed before flight.
    • Inspect static ports for obstructions and ensure they are clean.
    • Check the condition and security of system hoses and connections.
    • Observe the instruments themselves for signs of pitot-static system failure.

    Pitot Tube Inspection

    • The pitot tube plays a crucial role in measuring airspeed, which is essential for maintaining proper flight performance.
    • Common culprits behind pitot tube blockages include insects, dirt, ice, and small debris.
    • A meticulous pre-flight inspection to detect any blockages is necessary.

    Pre-Flight Procedures for Detecting Pitot Tube Blockages

    • Visual inspection: Approach the pitot tube and inspect for any obstructions.
    • Hands-on check: Conduct a cover removal confirmation.
    • Manual blockage test: Ensuring the pitot tube's opening is clear.

    Pre-Flight Inspection of the Pitot-Static System Components

    • Visual inspection: Check the pitot tube and static ports for blockages or damage.
    • Physical examination: Gently tap and wiggle the pitot tube to verify it is secure and clear.
    • Instrument check: Check the airspeed indicator, altimeter, and vertical speed indicator for any anomalies or irregularities.
    • Leak check: Perform a leak check on the pitot-static system if the aircraft is equipped.

    Technique for Checking the Pitot Tube for Blockages

    • Visual confirmation: Inspect the pitot tube opening for any visible blockages.
    • Airflow check: Gently blow into the pitot tube or use a designated device to create airflow and listen for the escape of air from the system.

    Process for Verifying Instrument Calibration

    • Reference to maintenance records: Verify the last calibration date by reviewing the aircraft's maintenance records.
    • Comparison with known values: Compare the reading with a known field elevation for altimeters and with performance charts during specific flight conditions for airspeed indicators.
    • Static system test: Perform a static system test using a calibrated external pressure source to simulate different altitudes and airspeeds.
    • Professional calibration: Have the instruments tested by certified maintenance personnel using calibrated test equipment.

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    Related Documents

    Chapter 8 Section 3.docx

    Description

    Learn about pre-flight checks and inspection procedures for a safe and confident flight. This course covers critical flight instruments and their uses.

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