Chapter 7: From a Kingdom to an Empire
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Questions and Answers

What was the primary language used in most of Ashoka's inscriptions?

  • Tamil
  • Magadhi
  • Prakrit (correct)
  • Sanskrit

    • Which script was predominantly used for Ashoka's inscriptions?

  • Devanagari
  • Sharda
  • Kharosthi
  • Brahmi (correct)

    • What was the ancient name for the coastal region of Orissa, where Ashoka fought a significant war?

  • Kalinga (correct)
  • Magadha
  • Gandhara
  • Kosala

    • What profound impact did the Kalinga war have on Ashoka's approach to ruling?

    <p>He resolved to abandon warfare and adopt dhamma.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Ashoka's inscription, what was the approximate number of people killed in the Kalinga war?

    <p>More than 100,000</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Besides the general population, which groups also suffered greatly during the Kalinga war according to Ashoka's inscription?

    <p>Brahmins and monks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Ashoka believe was a superior method of winning people over compared to military force?

    <p>The practice of dhamma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many years after becoming king did Ashoka conquer Kalinga?

    <p>Eight years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did the collection of tribute differ from the collection of taxes in the Mauryan Empire?

    <p>Taxes were collected regularly; tribute was collected when possible.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What items were expected to be provided by people living in the forested areas of the Mauryan Empire?

    <p>Elephants, timber, honey and wax.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Megasthenes, what was a notable feature of Mauryan royal processions?

    <p>The emperor carried on a golden palanquin with guards on decorated elephants.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why did the Mauryan Emperor employ food tasters, according to Megasthenes?

    <p>To check for poison and protect against assassination attempts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a distinctive feature of Pataliputra’s architecture?

    <p>Massive city walls, wooden buildings and stone carvings.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Based on Megasthenes' account, which safety precaution did the Mauryan Emperor take?

    <p>He never slept in the same room every night.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these describes the Mauryan ruler's court atmosphere based on Megasthenes description?

    <p>The Emperor was cautious, surrounded by armed guards and servants tasting all his food.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a key role of armed women in the Mauryan emperor's daily life?

    <p>To protect him from threats and guard him closely</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following locations was NOT a major city in the Mauryan Empire?

    <p>Indus Valley</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role did Taxila play within the Mauryan Empire?

    <p>It was a gateway to the northwest, including Central Asia.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these best describes the geographical location of Ujjain within the Mauryan Empire?

    <p>It was situated along the route from north to south India.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Besides villages of farmers and herders, what other type of settlement is mentioned in the content?

    <p>Forest areas where people gathered produce and hunted</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Based on the provided text, which statement best describes the linguistic landscape of the Mauryan Empire?

    <p>People in different parts of the empire spoke different languages.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What evidence suggests that the Mauryan Empire was culturally diverse?

    <p>People wore different kinds of clothes and ate varied food.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The provided text explicitly mentions that Ashokan inscriptions have been found in some areas. What does this suggest about the empire at the locations where these inscriptions have been found?

    <p>These were areas included within the empire.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is implied by the fact that the places where Ashokan inscriptions have been found are marked with red dots, while cities are marked with black dots?

    <p>Inscriptions were found in cities and other places throughout the empire.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one possible reason why the conditions of slaves and servants might not have improved under an emperor's orders?

    <p>The basic social hierarchy might have made such a change difficult to implement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the nature of the trade routes depicted in Map 6?

    <p>A combination of land and sea routes under various rulers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the map, which group of rulers did not directly control any of the major trade routes?

    <p>Indian</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the map suggest about the interactions during the indicated historical period?

    <p>Complex commercial relationships between diverse groups.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If an emperor issued an order to improve the lives of servants and slaves, which of the following presents the biggest historical challenge to enforcement?

    <p>The scale of the populations involved and the size of the empire.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why would the locations of the trade routes be significant to rulers?

    <p>To enable control over commerce and economic gain.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a key takeaway from the information given about trade routes?

    <p>Trade routes were exclusive to land based transportation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be inferred about the relationships between the empires that controlled trade routes?

    <p>There was a mixture of cooperation and competition.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which kingdom followed the Shungas in central India?

    <p>Kanvas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How long did the Satavahana kingdom last?

    <p>400 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which dynasties were prominent in southern India around 2200 to 1800 years ago?

    <p>Cholas, Cheras, and Pandyas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What major development occurred around 1700 years ago in central and western India?

    <p>Power of the Vakatakas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant means of exploration for traders during this period?

    <p>Land routes within the subcontinent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role did ordinary people play in the changes during this era?

    <p>They contributed to agriculture and trade.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one of the social developments mentioned for this period?

    <p>Emergence of towns and trade</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant structures began to be built around this time?

    <p>Temples and stupas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one of the main exports from the ports along the coast of south India?

    <p>Pepper</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group of rulers followed the Indo-Greeks in the north-west and parts of north India?

    <p>Shakas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How long did the Indo-Greeks rule in the north-west and parts of north India?

    <p>About one hundred years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the duration for which some Shaka kingdoms lasted?

    <p>For about 500 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which empire collapsed about 2200 years ago leading to the rise of several new kingdoms?

    <p>Mauryan Empire</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who defeated the Shakas in India?

    <p>Gupta Kings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which people followed the Shakas about 2000 years ago?

    <p>Kushanas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Poduca known as in the modern context?

    <p>Arikamedu</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Chapter 7: From a Kingdom to an Empire

    • Roshan, clutching her grandfather's new currency notes, noticed the image of Gandhiji and the lions. This sparked a discussion about the historical significance of the lions.
    • The lions on currency and coins have roots in Ashoka's inscriptions on pillars and rock surfaces.
    • Ashoka, a significant historical ruler, commissioned inscriptions detailing his rule and the vastness of his empire.
    • Ashoka's empire, established by his grandfather Chandragupta Maurya, encompassed a large territory.
    • Chandragupta was supported by Chanakya (Kautilya) whose ideas were documented in the Arthashastra.
    • Chandragupta, Bindusara, and Ashoka were pivotal rulers of the Mauryan dynasty.
    • The Mauryan empire was characterized by different administrative approaches within its vast regions.
    • Cities like Pataliputra, Taxila, and Ujjain served as administrative centers and trade hubs. Villages with farmers and herders were also part of the empire, with certain regions having forests and resources.
    • Different languages were spoken throughout the empire.
    • The empire collected resources through tribute from diverse groups across different regions.
    • The Mauryan empire was different from kingdoms because it had a larger population, and therefore needed a larger and more organized administrative system.
    • Ashoka's rule was marked by both military campaigns and later, a rejection of war in favor of the philosophy of dharma.
    • The Kalinga War profoundly impacted Ashoka, deeply moving him to embrace peace and the philosophy of dharma (a concept discussed further in the text).
    • Ashoka's approach to ruling stressed peace, emphasizing non-violence and compassion towards all living creatures, and focused on improving the daily lives of the people within his empire. His measures included spreading his ideas and resolving conflicts, through the appointment of officials to promote dharma.

    Mauryan Empire: Territory and Cities

    • The Mauryan Empire encompassed various diverse regions. The map detailed important cities and inscriptions.
    • Significant cities within the Mauryan empire included Pataliputra, Taxila, and Ujjain. These locations frequently featured in inscriptions and historical accounts.
    • Descriptions highlight the geographic diversity of the empire.

    Trade Routes and Exchanges

    • Maps indicated important trade routes like the Silk Road.
    • These routes connected various parts of Asia and were crucial for disseminating various ideas, goods, and innovations.

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    From a Kingdom to an Empire (PDF) - Chapter 7

    Description

    Explore the historical evolution from a kingdom to an empire in Chapter 7. Discover the significance of historical figures like Ashoka and Chandragupta Maurya, and the role of currency in understanding their legacies. Dive into the Mauryan dynasty's administrative structures and trade centers.

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