Chapter 6: Roots and Soils Outline Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary role of mycorrhizae in plant-fungus associations?

  • Aid in photosynthesis of the plant
  • Facilitate water absorption by the plant
  • Supply sugars and amino acids to the fungus (correct)
  • Provide oxygen to the plant

    • Which type of mycorrhizae fungi form a mantle on the root exterior and grow between the cell walls?

  • Endomycorrhizae fungi
  • Ectomycorrhizae fungi (correct)
  • AM fungi
  • Penetrate mycorrhizae fungi

    • What is the main function of root nodules containing nitrogen-fixing bacteria?

  • Converting free nitrogen to usable form for plants (correct)
  • Aiding in carbon dioxide absorption by the plant
  • Producing oxygen for plant respiration
  • Increasing nitrogen content in the soil

    • Which family of plants is known to have root nodules housing nitrogen-fixing bacteria?

    <p>Legumes (Fabaceae) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one human relevance of roots mentioned in the text?

    <p>Sources of food like carrots and sugar beets (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which learning objective does Chapter 6: Plant Organs - Roots focus on?

    <p>Describing root functions and structure variations (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the functions of roots?

    <p>Anchor plants into soil (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of plants typically have a fibrous root system?

    <p>Monocotyledonous plants (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does root cap lie in the structure of a root?

    <p>Above the region of cell division (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of a plant does adventitious roots form from?

    <p>Stems or leaves (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to an embryo's radicle upon seed germination?

    <p>Grows out to become the first root (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the endodermis in root structure?

    <p>To regulate the passage of water and minerals into the vascular cylinder (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following roots are primarily adapted for water storage?

    <p>Roots of the pumpkin family (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of buttress roots?

    <p>To anchor the plant and provide stability in shallow soil (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about mycorrhizae is true?

    <p>They are a mutualistic association between fungi and plant roots (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of aerial roots in plants like ivy and Virginia creeper?

    <p>To aid the plants in climbing vertical surfaces (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about root growth is true?

    <p>Some roots exhibit determinate growth, while others exhibit indeterminate growth (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the root cap?

    <p>To protect the root tip as it grows through the soil (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which region of the root is responsible for cell division?

    <p>Region of Cell Division (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which meristematic area gives rise to the root epidermis?

    <p>Protoderm (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which region of the root do cells differentiate into various cell types?

    <p>Region of Maturation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of root hairs?

    <p>To absorb water and minerals from the soil (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In dicot or conifer roots, what is the arrangement of the primary xylem in the Region of Maturation?

    <p>Solid core of xylem with 'arms' in cross-section (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The root cap protects the root tip from damage as the root grows.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The region of cell division in the root is located in the region of elongation.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Root hairs are epidermal cell extensions with a thick cuticle that help absorb water and minerals.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In monocot roots, the xylem surrounds the pith in the region of maturation.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The primary function of the root cap is to secrete a lubricating mucilage to aid in root growth.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ground meristem in the root tip gives rise to the epidermis.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Roots anchor plants into the soil.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The radicle develops into a fibrous root system in all plants.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The root cap is responsible for cell division in the root.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Roots can store food or water.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Plants with mycorrhizae develop more root hairs compared to those growing without an associated fungus.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Adventitious roots can form from stems or leaves.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Ectomycorrhizae fungi only grow between the cell walls of the root and do not form a mantle on the root exterior.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The endodermis is a single-layered cylinder of compact cells with Casparian strips.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Legumes are the only family of plants known to have root nodules housing nitrogen-fixing bacteria.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Roots can be modified to perform unusual functions such as storage of water and nutrients.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Adventitious buds on roots develop into lateral roots.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Pneumatophores are spongy roots extending above water for gas exchange.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The primary function of mycorrhizae is to provide sugars and amino acids to the fungus.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Roots can be a source of food, spices, dyes, and drugs for humans.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Velamen roots have a single-layered epidermis to reduce water loss.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Buttress roots provide stability to tropical trees growing in shallow soil.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Mycorrhizae are fungi that form a mutualistic association with plant stems.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of root cap in plants?

    <p>Protect the root tip from damage (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which region of the root is responsible for cell division?

    <p>Region of cell division (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What specialized function do adventitious roots perform?

    <p>Form from stems or leaves (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of plants typically have a fibrous root system?

    <p>Monocots (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of mycorrhizae in plant-fungus associations?

    <p>Enhance water and mineral uptake from soil (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the root cap?

    <p>To provide protection for the root tip as it grows (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the region of maturation, what is the arrangement of the primary xylem in dicot or conifer roots?

    <p>Xylem forms a solid core with 'arms' (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of root hairs?

    <p>To absorb water and minerals from the soil (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which meristematic area in the root tip gives rise to the epidermis?

    <p>Protoderm (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the endodermis in root structure?

    <p>To regulate the movement of water and nutrients (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which family of plants is known to have root nodules housing nitrogen-fixing bacteria?

    <p>Legumes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the endodermis in a root?

    <p>Regulates the types of minerals absorbed (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of roots are specialized for stability in shallow soil?

    <p>Buttress roots (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of prop roots in plants like corn and mangroves?

    <p>Support the plant in high wind conditions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of specialized roots develop into suckers, aiding in vegetative propagation?

    <p>Adventitious buds on roots (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of mycorrhizae fungi in plant root associations?

    <p>Facilitate absorption and concentration of nutrients for roots (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a function of pneumatophores in plants with roots growing in water?

    <p>Extend above water for gas exchange (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of mycorrhizae in the plant-fungus association?

    <p>Mycorrhizae help the plant absorb more water and minerals from the soil. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which family of plants is known to have root nodules housing nitrogen-fixing bacteria?

    <p>Fabaceae (legumes) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one way in which roots are relevant to humans?

    <p>Roots are used as a source of food, spices, dyes, and drugs. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of mycorrhizae fungi form a mantle on the root exterior and grow between the cell walls?

    <p>Ectomycorrhizae fungi (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of plants typically have a fibrous root system?

    <p>Monocots (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the root cap?

    <p>To protect the root tip from damage as the root grows. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of plants typically have a fibrous root system?

    <p>Monocotyledonous plants (monocots) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the root cap?

    <p>To secrete a lubricating mucilage to aid in root growth (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which family of plants is known to have root nodules housing nitrogen-fixing bacteria?

    <p>Legumes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of mycorrhizae in plant-fungus associations?

    <p>To absorb water and minerals for the plant (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one way in which roots are relevant to humans?

    <p>Roots can be a source of food, spices, dyes, and drugs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the root cap?

    <p>Secretes lubricating mucilage and protects the root tip from damage (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which region of the root do cells become several times their original length?

    <p>Region of Elongation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do vacuoles do in the region of Elongation of a root?

    <p>Merge into a central vacuole (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In monocot roots, how is the arrangement of xylem in the Region of Maturation?

    <p>Solid core with xylem surrounding the pith (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of vascular cambium in a root's vascular cylinder?

    <p>Forms secondary phloem towards the inside and secondary xylem towards the outside (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the endodermis in root structure?

    <p>It regulates the types of minerals absorbed (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the root cap?

    <p>It protects the root tip from damage as the root grows (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of specialized roots develop into suckers, aiding in vegetative propagation?

    <p>Adventitious roots (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of mycorrhizae in the plant-fungus association?

    <p>They facilitate absorption and concentration of nutrients, especially phosphorus, for the plant roots (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of buttress roots?

    <p>They provide structural support for the plant in shallow soil (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of plants typically have a fibrous root system?

    <p>Monocot plants (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of root nodules in plant roots?

    <p>To house nitrogen-fixing bacteria converting nitrogen for plant use (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of mycorrhizae fungi penetrates only the cell walls of plant roots?

    <p>Endomycorrhizae Fungi (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In plant-fungus associations, the primary role of mycorrhizae is to:

    <p>Supply sugars and amino acids to the fungus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which region of the root is responsible for cell division?

    <p>Region of Cell Division (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one human relevance of roots mentioned in the text?

    <p>Drug production source (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which family of plants is known to have root nodules housing nitrogen-fixing bacteria?

    <p>Fabaceae (Legume) Family (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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