Chapter 6: CAMPARI Credit Risk Assessment Framework
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Questions and Answers

What is a major factor in a borrower's ability to repay a loan?

  • Professional status and license requirements
  • Reputation and previous legal actions
  • Income earning capacity and employment stability (correct)
  • Past records of credit history
  • Why do lenders seldom grant 100% financing?

  • To increase the loan applicant's credit score
  • To reduce the loan applicant's credit score
  • To ensure the borrower takes some risk and shows financial commitment (correct)
  • To ensure the lender takes all the risk
  • What is a consequence of poor management or a change in government licensing requirements and regulations?

  • Increased loan instalments
  • Decreased cashflow and loan repayment ability (correct)
  • Increased cashflow and loan repayment ability
  • No impact on cashflow and loan repayment ability
  • What is an example of a factor affecting a borrower's character?

    <p>Reputation, previous and/or impending legal actions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why may a borrower's loan repayment ability be deemed low?

    <p>Due to a lack of skills, serious illness, old age or some stigma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a factor in examining an individual's character?

    <p>Stability and duration of employment or business</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do persons of high social status sometimes refuse to pay their loan instalments?

    <p>Due to their social influence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key aspect of the margin of loan advanced?

    <p>The percentage of financing that the lender is willing to extend</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the CAMPARI model in consumer lending?

    <p>To evaluate the creditworthiness of individuals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of the CAMPARI model assesses the borrower's ability to repay the loan?

    <p>Ability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main challenge in assessing a borrower's character?

    <p>Measuring their attitude and sense of responsibility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the acronym CAMPARI an abbreviation for?

    <p>Character, Amount, Margin, Insurance, Ability, Repayment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of the Consumer Lending Framework?

    <p>Assessing consumer loan applications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main objective of the CAMPARI credit risk assessment framework?

    <p>To evaluate the creditworthiness of loan applicants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the lending bank in the CAMPARI model?

    <p>To provide credit decision support criteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relevance of the CAMPARI model in consumer lending?

    <p>It is an alternative to the 5C framework</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary consideration in determining the amount of financing?

    <p>Borrower's need and capacity to repay</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of evaluating the repayment structure of a loan?

    <p>To meet the borrower's needs and debt servicing ability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of insurance in asset-based financing?

    <p>To ensure the security maintains its value</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it necessary to evaluate the borrower's request for a loan amount greater than the requirements listed?

    <p>To determine the purpose of the loan</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the principle of proportionate stake holding in financing?

    <p>The borrower shows commitment towards the loan</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary consideration in structuring the repayment of a loan?

    <p>Borrower's debt servicing ability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it necessary to ensure the security is maintained in a good state in asset-based financing?

    <p>To maintain the collateral value</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of evaluating the repayment amount and frequency in loan structuring?

    <p>To meet the borrower's needs and debt servicing ability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary consideration when evaluating insurance risk coverage?

    <p>The type of risk being insured against</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit of the CAMPARI model for consumer loan assessment?

    <p>It ensures a portfolio of quality consumer loans</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between the 5C framework and the CAMPARI model?

    <p>The CAMPARI model is less complex than the 5C framework</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary consideration when evaluating the loan repayment structure of a consumer loan?

    <p>The debt servicing capacity of the borrower</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit of asset-based financing?

    <p>It provides a more secure form of financing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the credit officer in the CAMPARI model?

    <p>To evaluate each element of the CAMPARI model to satisfaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary consideration when evaluating the debt servicing capacity of a borrower?

    <p>The borrower's income and expenses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of a high margin of advance?

    <p>It increases the borrower's propensity to 'walk away' from the loan obligation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do lenders grant lower loan amounts to high-risk borrowers?

    <p>To reduce the lender's risk and increase the borrower's commitment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary factor in determining the agreed margin of financing?

    <p>The overall credit risk profile of the borrower.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of loan is considered productive?

    <p>A loan that generates income.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a loan, according to the bank's principles?

    <p>To acquire a family home or purchase an asset.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What mitigates the speculative element in asset acquisition in consumer lending?

    <p>The borrower's individual earning capacity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a speculative loan?

    <p>A loan to purchase a large tract of land for future agricultural business.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the bank's criteria for approving a loan?

    <p>The loan is for a good cause and is productive.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Loan Repayment Factors

    • A borrower's ability to repay a loan is primarily influenced by their income stability and employment history.
    • Lenders typically avoid granting 100% financing to minimize risk exposure and ensure borrower investment in the asset.
    • Poor management or changes in government regulations can lead to financial losses and operational difficulties for businesses.

    Borrower Character Assessment

    • An example of a factor affecting a borrower's character includes their credit history and past repayment behavior.
    • Low loan repayment ability may arise from insufficient income, high existing debt, or unstable employment.
    • Factors in examining an individual's character include personal reputation and reliability in fulfilling commitments.

    Social Status and Loan Repayment

    • Individuals with high social status may refuse to pay loan installments due to a sense of entitlement or differing perceptions of debt responsibility.

    CAMPARI Model Insight

    • The margin of loan advanced is crucial, as it determines the lender's risk in relation to the borrower's equity in the financed asset.
    • The CAMPARI model primarily serves to assess creditworthiness in consumer lending.
    • The component assessing a borrower's ability to repay within the CAMPARI model is termed "Ability."

    Assessing Borrower Character

    • A principal challenge in assessing borrower character is obtaining reliable information that reflects true intentions and past behaviors.
    • CAMPARI stands for Character, Ability, Margin, Purpose, Amount, Repayment, and Insurance.

    Consumer Lending Framework

    • The primary focus of the Consumer Lending Framework is to ensure responsible and sustainable lending practices.
    • The main objective of the CAMPARI credit risk assessment framework is to evaluate the overall risk associated with lending to a particular borrower.

    Role of Lending Bank

    • The lending bank in the CAMPARI model is responsible for proper evaluation and risk management when extending credit.

    Loan Structuring and Assessment

    • Determining the amount of financing considers the borrower's needs, risk level, and the asset's value.
    • Evaluating repayment structure helps ensure that loan terms are manageable for the borrower, reducing default risk.
    • The significance of insurance in asset-based financing lies in protecting the lender's investment against losses.

    Loan Amount Evaluation

    • Necessity arises in evaluating requests for loan amounts exceeding listed requirements to prevent over-leveraging or unnecessary risk.

    Financing Stake Holding

    • The principle of proportionate stake holding emphasizes that borrowers should have a meaningful investment in the financed asset.

    Securing Assets

    • Maintaining security in good condition is critical in asset-based financing to preserve value and minimize lender risk.

    Repayment Assessment

    • Evaluating repayment amounts and frequency is essential for establishing feasible loan terms aligned with the borrower’s financial capacity.

    Insurance Risk Coverage

    • Primary consideration when evaluating insurance risk coverage includes the adequacy of protection relative to the asset financed.

    CAMPARI Model Benefits

    • Benefits of the CAMPARI model include a structured approach for assessing borrower credit risk effectively.

    5C and CAMPARI Differences

    • The 5C framework differs from the CAMPARI model primarily in terminology and specific focus areas for assessment.

    Consumer Loan Repayment Structure

    • When evaluating loan repayment structure, ensure terms align with the borrower's income and financial obligations.

    Asset-Based Financing Benefits

    • The primary benefit of asset-based financing is securing loans against tangible assets, reducing risk for lenders.

    Credit Officer Responsibility

    • The credit officer’s role in the CAMPARI model involves evaluating borrower applications and assessing overall creditworthiness.

    Debt Servicing Capacity

    • Evaluating a borrower’s debt servicing capacity focuses on income adequacy to cover all debts, including new loan payments.

    Margin of Advance Consequence

    • A high margin of advance can increase lender risk due to potential borrower over-leverage and asset devaluation.

    High-Risk Borrowers

    • Lenders grant lower loan amounts to high-risk borrowers to mitigate the potential for default.

    Financing Margin Determinants

    • The primary factor in determining the agreed margin of financing is the borrower’s creditworthiness and the assessed risk level.

    Productive Loans

    • Loans considered productive typically finance assets that generate income or value addition.

    Loan Purpose Principles

    • According to bank principles, the purpose of a loan should align with legitimate economic activities and investments.

    Speculative Loans

    • The speculative element in consumer lending is mitigated by thorough assessment and proper risk management.

    Speculative Loan Example

    • An example of a speculative loan could involve investments in volatile stock markets or high-risk business ventures.

    Loan Approval Criteria

    • The bank's criteria for approving a loan include the borrower's credit history, income stability, loan purpose, and asset valuation.

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    Description

    Learn how to apply the CAMPARI credit risk assessment tool to evaluate consumer loan related creditworthiness. This chapter covers the key topics of credit risk assessment.

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