Chapter 4 Requirements Engineering

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Questions and Answers

What is a limitation of ethnographic studies?

They focus exclusively on historical data.

They only analyze theoretical frameworks.

They require a high level of participant interaction.

They may study irrelevant existing practices. (correct)

What is the purpose of stories and scenarios in requirements analysis?

To illustrate hypothetical technology uses.

To enable stakeholders to relate to practical uses of a system. (correct)

To create detailed system architecture.

To outline theoretical models of user interaction.

In the context of Jack's project, what does he need a photo sharing site for?

To conduct remote classes with external experts.

To have pupils comment on each other's photos and upload scanned photographs. (correct)

To ensure a secure environment for sharing personal data.

To upload personal images unrelated to fishing.

Why did Jack choose to use KidsTakePics for the photo sharing aspect?

It allows for teacher moderation of content. Signup and view all the answers

What kind of analysis tries to assess user interactions through modeling real-life usage?

Focused ethnography. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes one of the methods utilized in requirements engineering?

Prototype evaluation. Signup and view all the answers

How do scenarios and user stories impact stakeholder engagement?

By linking practical use to realistic situations. Signup and view all the answers

What does the iLearn wiki facilitate in Jack's classroom project?

Collaboration on fishing stories and resources. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of interviews in the requirements engineering process?

Understanding stakeholder interactions with the system Signup and view all the answers

What type of interviews involves a predetermined list of questions?

Closed interviews Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important for interviewers to be open-minded during interviews?

To ensure a bias-free understanding of requirements Signup and view all the answers

What approach should interviewers take to prompt discussions with stakeholders?

Suggesting requirements or using a prototype as a springboard Signup and view all the answers

What common issue can arise during interviews with stakeholders?

Use of unfamiliar language by application specialists Signup and view all the answers

Which combination of interview types is typically utilized in practice?

Mix of closed and open-ended interviews Signup and view all the answers

What should interviewers avoid to ensure effective communication with stakeholders?

Pre-conceived ideas about the system's functionality Signup and view all the answers

How can interviewers ensure they get relevant feedback from stakeholders?

By suggesting potential requirements or using prototypes Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of requirements validation?

To confirm that requirements reflect the customer's needs Signup and view all the answers

Why is requirements validation considered critical during the system development process?

Fixing requirements errors after delivery can be extremely costly Signup and view all the answers

What does the completeness check in requirements validation assess?

Whether all required functions by the customer are included Signup and view all the answers

What role does realism play in requirements checking?

It checks if requirements are achievable given budget and technology Signup and view all the answers

What action is taken when the sugar level is stable (r2 = r1)?

CompDose = 0 Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a model type mentioned in system models?

Behavioral models Signup and view all the answers

What do appendices typically provide in system documentation?

Detailed and specific information related to the application Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about use cases is true?

Use cases identify the actors and describe their interactions. Signup and view all the answers

What is typically included in the hardware requirements section?

Minimum and optimal configurations for the system Signup and view all the answers

How should the software requirements document be characterized?

It defines what the system should do, not how. Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of requirements checking ensures that the required functions work together without conflicts?

Consistency Signup and view all the answers

What does the condition '((r2 – r1) < (r1 – r0))' indicate?

The sugar level is decreasing. Signup and view all the answers

What happens when the rounded result of 'round((r2 – r1)/4)' equals 0?

CompDose = MinimumDose Signup and view all the answers

In the context of the Mentcare system, which of these actions can be taken?

View personal info Signup and view all the answers

What is NOT included in the software requirements document?

Design specifications Signup and view all the answers

What condition signifies that the sugar level is increasing and the rate of increase is stable?

((r2 – r1) = (r1 – r0)) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of requirements reviews during the formulation of requirements?

To ensure consistent communication between developers, customers and users Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a review check during requirements validation?

Documentation completeness Signup and view all the answers

Why is adaptability important in requirements validation?

To allow changes with minimal impact on other requirements Signup and view all the answers

What method is used to check the testability of requirements?

Test-case generation Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true about changing requirements?

New hardware might necessitate new requirements Signup and view all the answers

What type of reviews can be conducted to validate requirements?

Both formal and informal reviews Signup and view all the answers

What is a critical element to include in requirements validation checks?

The origin of the requirement Signup and view all the answers

What does systematic manual analysis focus on in requirements validation?

Thoroughly evaluating the specified requirements Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Ethnography and Requirements Analysis

Ethnographic methods examine current practices, which may be historically based and potentially irrelevant today.
Approaches combine ethnographic analysis, focused ethnography, debriefing meetings, and prototype evaluation to enhance requirements analysis.

Stories and Scenarios

Use scenarios and user stories to illustrate real-world system applications, grounded in practical situations stakeholders can relate to.
These narratives facilitate stakeholder engagement, driving discussion on their experiences related to system usage.

Primary school teacher Jack utilizes an iLearn wiki for a project on the fishing industry, encouraging pupils to gather and share related historical materials.
Jack seeks a photo-sharing platform, ultimately using KidsTakePics, which allows moderation by teachers, highlighting the significance of stakeholder feedback in system selection.

Interviewing Techniques

Both formal and informal interviews with stakeholders are integral to requirements engineering (RE).
Closed interviews follow a predetermined question set, while open interviews explore broader issues, emphasizing an open-minded approach to gather insights.

Challenges in Interviews

Communication barriers can arise; application specialists might use jargon that confuses requirements engineers.
Effective interviews depend on prompting discussion rather than simply soliciting direct requests for system features.

Use Cases

Use cases, a scenario type within UML, identify system actors and interactions, serving as a comprehensive model of system usage.
Use cases consist of high-level graphical models supported by detailed tabular descriptions, often enhanced by UML sequence diagrams.

Software Requirements Document

The software requirements document outlines user and system requirements, distinct from design documents, centering on what the system should accomplish.
It is essential to define requirements clearly to avoid ambiguity during system development.

Requirements Validation

Validation ensures requirements align with customer expectations, preventing costly fixes after delivery, which can far exceed initial validation costs.
Key aspects of requirements validation include checking validity, consistency, completeness, realism, and verifiability.

Requirements Validation Techniques

Incorporate regular requirements reviews, systematic manual analysis, prototypes, and test-case generation to verify requirements effectively.
Involve both client and contractor personnel in reviews to foster communication and resolve potential issues early.

Review Checks

Assess requirements for verifiability, comprehensibility, traceability, and adaptability to ensure their robustness and flexibility throughout the development process.

Changing Requirements

Post-implementation, business and technical landscapes evolve, often leading to new user needs or system interface requirements driven by organizational changes.
Addressing these changes is crucial for maintaining system relevance and utility in a dynamic environment.

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Description

This quiz covers Chapter 4 of the Requirements Engineering course, focusing on the role of ethnography in understanding existing practices. It explores the challenges of historical relevance in ethnographic studies and the application of prototyping in requirements analysis.