Chapter 25: General Anesthetics

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Questions and Answers

What is a characteristic of inhalational agents' dose-response curves?

  • Flat curves and narrow therapeutic indices
  • Flat curves and wide therapeutic indices
  • Steep curves and wide therapeutic indices
  • Steep curves and narrow therapeutic indices (correct)

How can depth of anesthesia be rapidly altered with inhaled gases?

  • By administering IV anesthetics
  • By using IV sedatives
  • By altering the inhaled concentration (correct)
  • By changing the IV agent

How do IV anesthetics cause rapid induction?

  • By traveling from arm to brain quickly (correct)
  • By affecting skeletal muscle primarily
  • By redistributing from the CNS
  • By diffusing mainly into vessel-rich tissues

What is the mechanism of recovery from IV anesthetics?

<p>Redistribution within the CNS (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of IV anesthetics during longer procedures?

<p>To maintain anesthesia with inhaled agents (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In lower doses, IV anesthetics may be used for:

<p>Sedation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which neurotransmitter is primarily affected by inhaled anesthetics, barbiturates, benzodiazepines, etomidate, and propofol?

<p>GABA (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do inhaled anesthetics primarily diminish CNS activity?

<p>By hyperpolarizing neurons (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which receptors are primarily affected by nitrous oxide and ketamine?

<p>NMDA receptors (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key difference between volatile and gaseous anesthetics in terms of physical state?

<p>Gaseous anesthetics are in gas form at room temperature. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect do inhalation anesthetics have on glycine receptors in spinal motor neurons?

<p>Increase activity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of general anesthetic does not act on GABAA receptors?

<p>Nitrous oxide (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the five primary effects characterized by the neurophysiologic state produced by general anesthetics?

<p>Unconsciousness, amnesia, analgesia, inhibition of autonomic reflexes, muscle relaxation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which route is commonly used to administer general anesthetics?

<p>Orally (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main goal of an ideal anesthetic drug?

<p>Induce rapid loss of consciousness and be reversible upon discontinuation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three stages of general anesthesia?

<p>Induction, maintenance, recovery (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of anesthesia involves unconsciousness, analgesia, amnesia, skeletal muscle relaxation, and loss of reflexes?

<p>General anesthesia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it challenging for a single anesthetic agent to achieve all five desired effects of general anesthesia well?

<p>Anesthetic agents have limitations in targeting specific receptors (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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