31 Questions
Which of the following best describes Heart Failure?
A chronic and progressive syndrome due to heart function impairment
What is one of the main causes of Heart Failure according to the text?
Coronary heart disease
Which symptoms are common in 'Left-sided' Heart Failure?
Coughing and shortness of breath
What type of Heart Failure may present with pedal edema and hepatic congestion?
'Right-sided' Heart Failure
Which type of drugs increase the force of myocardial contraction?
Positive inotropic drugs
What is the main function of ACE inhibitors in heart failure treatment?
Prevent Na and H2O resorption by inhibiting aldosterone secretion
Which drug is specifically added as heart failure progresses?
Spironolactone
What is the main function of ARBs in heart failure treatment?
Decrease preload and work of the heart
Which drug is approved specifically for use in the Black population for heart failure treatment?
BiDil (Hydralazine/isosorbide dinitrate)
'Hydralazine' is classified as what type of vasodilator?
Arterial vasodilator
'Isosorbide' functions as both an arterial and what other type of vasodilator?
'Venous' vasodilator
'Carvedilol' is categorized as which type of β blocker?
'Nonspecific' β blocker that also blocks α1
'Spironolactone' is mainly used in heart failure for what purpose?
'Reduce aldosterone levels'
'Lisinopril' is commonly used for which condition?
'Hypertension, HF, and acute MI'
What effect do loop diuretics have on heart failure symptoms?
Reduce symptoms of HF secondary to fluid overload
What is the primary consequence of heart failure?
Insufficient blood pumping from the ventricles
Which symptom is commonly associated with 'Right-sided' Heart Failure?
Pedal edema
How can Heart Failure develop suddenly?
Following a myocardial infarction
What are the two main types of symptoms associated with Heart Failure?
Pulmonary edema and dyspnea
What is the primary function of positive inotropic drugs in heart failure treatment?
Increase the force of myocardial contraction
Which drug is typically added last in the sequence of early heart failure treatment options?
Digoxin
What is the primary action of aldosterone inhibitors in heart failure progression?
Block aldosterone effects
'BiDil', composed of Hydralazine/isosorbide dinitrate, was specifically approved for use in which population?
Black population
What is the primary purpose of ACE inhibitors in heart failure management?
Reduce preload and heart workload
'Lisinopril' is commonly used for the treatment of which condition?
Heart failure
'Spironolactone' is primarily used in heart failure to achieve what purpose?
Block aldosterone effects
'Hydralazine' is classified as which type of vasodilator?
Arterial vasodilator
'Isosorbide' functions primarily as what type of vasodilator?
Arterial vasodilator
'Carvedilol' falls into which category of beta-blockers?
Non-selective beta-blocker
What is the role of loop diuretics in heart failure symptom management?
Reduce fluid overload symptoms
What effect does lisinopril commonly have on patients?
Hyperkalemia
Learn about the complex clinical syndrome of heart failure, resulting from functional or structural impairments to the heart. Understand the inability of the heart to pump blood effectively, leading to chronic and progressive symptoms. Explore the causes and treatments of heart failure, including drugs used to manage the condition.
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