Chapter 2: Democracy in Action
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Questions and Answers

What is one of the key principles of the Rule of Law?

  • Laws can be ignored by influential figures.
  • Only certain groups are allowed to participate in law-making.
  • All citizens must be informed about the law. (correct)
  • Laws are flexible and can change without public input.

How are individuals treated under the law according to the principles of the Rule of Law?

  • Laws are applied selectively to maintain order.
  • They are treated equally regardless of various personal characteristics. (correct)
  • Citizens are punished more severely for certain actions based on their background.
  • They have different legal rights based on their social status.

Which action exemplifies how individuals can make a difference according to the content provided?

  • Criticizing the government without taking action.
  • Raising money to build a well for those in need. (correct)
  • Avoiding volunteering opportunities within the community.
  • Ignoring local issues in the community.

What does the term 'bias' refer to in the context provided?

<p>Prejudice favoring one side unfairly. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which example demonstrates a potential bias in reporting?

<p>A statement criticizing an individual without evidence. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the basis for Justine's legal challenge against the Ontario Law?

<p>Discrimination based on gender (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What document protects essential rights and freedoms for individuals living in Canada?

<p>Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of rights can be defined as treating everyone the same regardless of certain characteristics?

<p>Equality Rights (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following rights allows Aboriginal peoples to claim their traditional territories?

<p>Aboriginal Rights (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'accommodating' refer to in the context of rights?

<p>Providing special treatment for specific groups (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What right is guaranteed by the Canadian Charter that allows the use of either English or French in government?

<p>Language Rights (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately reflects the principle of equity in the context of rights?

<p>Special provisions are made for individuals with different needs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the principle of 'common good' in relation to rights?

<p>Balancing individual freedoms with the needs of the community (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect distinguishes democracy from other forms of government?

<p>Citizens can shape their communities. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to the principle that everyone should be treated fairly?

<p>Equity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of the Charter's section on democratic rights?

<p>To explain voting rights of all citizens. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the initial restriction on voting in Canada?

<p>Only property-owning European men could vote. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does suffrage mean?

<p>The right to vote. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does democracy relate to the rule of law?

<p>Laws apply equally to everyone. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which historical document is known for protecting individual rights?

<p>The Magna Carta (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'suffragette' refer to?

<p>A woman who fought for women’s voting rights. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Individual Rights

Rights that protect the freedoms of each person in Canada.

Equality Rights

Treating everyone the same, regardless of differences like gender, race, or religion.

Accommodating

Treating people with special needs fairly, meeting their needs.

Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms

A document protecting essential rights and freedoms in Canada.

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Collective Rights

Rights of groups or communities, like Aboriginal peoples or language speakers.

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Aboriginal Rights

Rights of Aboriginal peoples to traditional territories, even without treaties.

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Language Rights

The equal right to use either English or French in Canadian government.

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Discrimination

Treating someone unfairly based on their traits (e.g., gender, race).

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Democracy

A form of government where citizens participate in shaping their society and communities.

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Equity

Treating all people fairly and providing equal opportunities.

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Representative Democracy

A system where citizens elect representatives to make decisions on their behalf.

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Suffrage

The right to vote.

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Rule of Law

The idea that all individuals and institutions are accountable under the law.

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Voting

The act of choosing representatives or making decisions.

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Common Good

Conditions which benefit the majority

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Suffragettes

Women who fought for women's right to vote.

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Fair Participation in Lawmaking

Citizens must have a role in creating and changing laws, be informed about them, and treated equally under them no matter their background.

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Bias

A prejudiced opinion or belief that unfairly favors or disfavors someone or something.

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Citizen Advocacy

Ways citizens can make a difference by helping others, raising awareness, or giving their story.

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Identifying Bias in Information

Critically evaluating information to detect if statements or reports have a hidden or unfair preference.

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Study Notes

Chapter 2: Democracy in Action

  • Justine, discriminated against due to gender, successfully challenged a law in the Supreme Court. The court ruled that gender is not a valid basis for discrimination.
  • The Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms protects fundamental rights and freedoms.
  • Individual rights include equality regardless of gender, race, or religion. Accommodating needs is also a key element.
  • Collective rights include those of Indigenous peoples to their traditional territories.
  • Language rights guarantee equal use of both English and French in government.
  • Canada permits citizenship by birth or via a citizenship test.

Democracy and Participation

  • Democracy differs from other forms of government as it allows citizens to shape their communities.
  • More participation strengthens democracy.
  • The "common good" benefits the majority.
  • "Equity" enforces fairness.

Democratic Rights

  • The Charter has sections specifically about democratic rights.
  • Citizens choose representatives to form the government which should listen to citizens' needs.
  • Voting is a fundamental democratic right.

Winning the Right to Vote

  • Voting rights expanded over time in Canada, initially limited to property-owning men of European origin.
  • Laws gradually broadened who could vote, including women and others.
  • The voting age, currently 18, is a subject of ongoing discussion.

Democracy and Women's Suffrage

  • Suffrage is the right to vote.
  • Women fought for the right to vote in Canada.
  • Full voting rights for women achieved in 1918, although equal participation took longer.

Rule of Law

  • The rule of law states that all are equally subject to the law, regardless of position.
  • Laws are created and enforced through fair processes.
  • Citizens can influence and create the law.

Magna Carta

  • The Magna Carta (1215) established the principle of individual rights subordinate to country law.

How Can People Make a Difference?

  • Young people can volunteer, raise funds or voice opinions to make a change.
  • Giving others a voice strengthens democracy.

Detecting Bias

  • Identifying bias in writing and statements requires careful observation of the language, examples and supporting evidence given.
  • Writers, or speakers, may have prejudice, that can distort the presentation of a topic.

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Explore the principles of democracy as outlined in Chapter 2, where individual and collective rights are highlighted. Delve into significant legal cases, the role of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, and the importance of participation in shaping democratic society. Understand how equity and the common good foster a stronger democracy.

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