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Questions and Answers
What was the primary purpose of the Compromise of 1850?
What was the primary purpose of the Compromise of 1850?
The Fugitive Slave Act allowed enslaved individuals the right to a trial by jury.
The Fugitive Slave Act allowed enslaved individuals the right to a trial by jury.
False (B)
Who was the most famous abolitionist known for his vigorous opposition to slavery?
Who was the most famous abolitionist known for his vigorous opposition to slavery?
Frederick Douglass
__________ became a conductor of the Underground Railroad, helping enslaved people escape to freedom.
__________ became a conductor of the Underground Railroad, helping enslaved people escape to freedom.
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Match the following individuals with their contributions to the abolitionist movement:
Match the following individuals with their contributions to the abolitionist movement:
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What novel did Harriet Beecher Stowe write to highlight the moral wrongs of slavery?
What novel did Harriet Beecher Stowe write to highlight the moral wrongs of slavery?
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The Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854 enabled settlers in those territories to decide the legality of slavery through popular sovereignty.
The Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854 enabled settlers in those territories to decide the legality of slavery through popular sovereignty.
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What severe penalties were outlined in the Fugitive Slave Act for those who aided runaway slaves?
What severe penalties were outlined in the Fugitive Slave Act for those who aided runaway slaves?
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What was a primary goal of populism?
What was a primary goal of populism?
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The Union had a larger army compared to the Confederacy during the Civil War.
The Union had a larger army compared to the Confederacy during the Civil War.
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Name one advantage the Confederacy had during the Civil War.
Name one advantage the Confederacy had during the Civil War.
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The ____ was the Union's strategy to blockade the South and prevent supplies from reaching them.
The ____ was the Union's strategy to blockade the South and prevent supplies from reaching them.
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Match the following terms with their descriptions:
Match the following terms with their descriptions:
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Which statement is true regarding Gilded Age immigration?
Which statement is true regarding Gilded Age immigration?
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The Confederacy had more factories than the Union.
The Confederacy had more factories than the Union.
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What were two major issues with Jim Crow laws?
What were two major issues with Jim Crow laws?
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The conflict between North and South increased due to differing views on _____.
The conflict between North and South increased due to differing views on _____.
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What caused the end of the Reconstruction efforts?
What caused the end of the Reconstruction efforts?
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What was the main focus of President Andrew Johnson's Reconstruction plan?
What was the main focus of President Andrew Johnson's Reconstruction plan?
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The 14th Amendment states that all people born or naturalized in the US are citizens.
The 14th Amendment states that all people born or naturalized in the US are citizens.
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What event led to the impeachment of President Andrew Johnson?
What event led to the impeachment of President Andrew Johnson?
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The Supreme Court case that upheld segregation was _____ v. Ferguson.
The Supreme Court case that upheld segregation was _____ v. Ferguson.
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Match the following amendments with their main focus:
Match the following amendments with their main focus:
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What did the Compromise of 1877 result in?
What did the Compromise of 1877 result in?
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Jim Crow laws were designed to enforce racial equality.
Jim Crow laws were designed to enforce racial equality.
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Who was known for using the strategy of 'Laissez Faire' politics during the Gilded Age?
Who was known for using the strategy of 'Laissez Faire' politics during the Gilded Age?
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Andrew Carnegie made his fortune primarily from _____ production.
Andrew Carnegie made his fortune primarily from _____ production.
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Which movement aimed at better rights for African Americans was led by W.E.B. Du Bois?
Which movement aimed at better rights for African Americans was led by W.E.B. Du Bois?
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The Dawes Act aimed to encourage Native American assimilation into American society.
The Dawes Act aimed to encourage Native American assimilation into American society.
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What tragic event occurred at Wounded Knee?
What tragic event occurred at Wounded Knee?
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Literacy tests were often used to _____ voters.
Literacy tests were often used to _____ voters.
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Match the following events with their significance:
Match the following events with their significance:
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Which candidate in the 1860 election was a proponent of popular sovereignty?
Which candidate in the 1860 election was a proponent of popular sovereignty?
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The Emancipation Proclamation immediately freed all slaves in the United States.
The Emancipation Proclamation immediately freed all slaves in the United States.
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What was the main outcome of the Battle of Gettysburg?
What was the main outcome of the Battle of Gettysburg?
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The __________ Plan aimed to suffocate the South by cutting off supplies and resources.
The __________ Plan aimed to suffocate the South by cutting off supplies and resources.
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Match each historical figure with their role during the Civil War.
Match each historical figure with their role during the Civil War.
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What significant event occurred on April 12, 1861?
What significant event occurred on April 12, 1861?
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Charles Sumner's speech, 'Crime Against Kansas', was met with violence from Preston Brooks.
Charles Sumner's speech, 'Crime Against Kansas', was met with violence from Preston Brooks.
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What was the primary intent of the Freedmen's Bureau?
What was the primary intent of the Freedmen's Bureau?
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Abraham Lincoln was against the expansion of __________ but did not seek to end slavery immediately.
Abraham Lincoln was against the expansion of __________ but did not seek to end slavery immediately.
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Which battle is known as the bloodiest day in American history?
Which battle is known as the bloodiest day in American history?
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The election of 1860 resulted in a clear winner with a majority of the popular vote.
The election of 1860 resulted in a clear winner with a majority of the popular vote.
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What was the significance of the lessons learned from the First Battle of Bull Run?
What was the significance of the lessons learned from the First Battle of Bull Run?
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The __________ was a plan by Lincoln to offer pardons to Confederates who swore allegiance to the Union.
The __________ was a plan by Lincoln to offer pardons to Confederates who swore allegiance to the Union.
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Why did Robert E. Lee invade the North?
Why did Robert E. Lee invade the North?
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Study Notes
Chapter 18-19: Renewing Sectional Struggles & Drifting Toward Disunion
- Slave Plantations: A system where enslaved people worked for white masters, lacking basic rights and often subjected to harsh treatment. These plantations significantly contributed to the Southern economy.
- Abolitionists: People advocating for the end of slavery. Key figures included Frederick Douglass, William Lloyd Garrison, and Harriet Tubman.
- William Lloyd Garrison: A prominent abolitionist, publisher of "The Liberator" newspaper, which strongly and immediately opposed slavery.
- Harriet Tubman: An important conductor of the Underground Railroad, a network used to assist enslaved people in escaping to freedom.
- Compromise of 1850: Aimed to avoid conflict but favored the North. Compromised on issues including slavery but denied enslaved people a jury trial. The Fugitive Slave Act was a key part of this, increasing incentives to catch runaway slaves and making it harder for people to help them.
- Fugitive Slave Act: A national law requiring citizens to help catch escaped slaves, punishing those who aided them with hefty fines and imprisonment.
- Stephen Douglas: A Democratic senator who proposed the Kansas-Nebraska Act in 1854 to resolve the issue of slavery in newly acquired territories.
- Kansas-Nebraska Act: Introduced the possibility of slavery in territories previously considered free. Northerners and Southerners rushed to Kansas to influence the territory's decision on slavery.
- Harriet Beecher Stowe & Uncle Tom's Cabin: Stowe's anti-slavery novel depicted the brutality of slavery, particularly its impact on families. It heightened anti-slavery sentiment in the North.
- Sumner-Brooks Affair: A violent confrontation in the US Congress in 1856, reflecting escalating sectional tensions and the failure of popular sovereignty.
Chapter 20-21: The Civil War & Reconstruction Era
- Fort Sumter: The Confederacy fired the first shots of the Civil War on April 12, 1861, when Union forces surrendered.
- Union Advantages: Larger population, greater industry, superior navy (naval blockade), better supplies, larger army, and strong economy.
- Confederate Advantages: Fighting defensively on their own territory, skilled military leaders (e.g., Robert E. Lee), and knowledge of the terrain.
- Anaconda Plan: Union strategy of suffocating the Confederacy by blockade, controlling the Mississippi River, splitting the Confederacy, and capturing Richmond.
- War of Attrition: A strategy of wearing down the enemy through prolonged fighting.
- First Bull Run: A Union defeat early in the war that revealed the Union's unpreparedness and underscored the need for a more serious strategy.
- Gen. George McClellan: A Union general whose cautiousness and slow decision-making were criticized. Key battles include the Peninsula Campaign and the Battle of Antietam.
- Antietam: A critical Union victory, significant for its heavy casualties. The Confederates attempted to gain advantage in the North.
- Emancipation Proclamation: Issued by Lincoln on January 1, 1863, declaring slaves in Confederate territories free. This redefined the war's goals.
- Lee’s Invasion of the North: Lee attempted to gain foreign support & resources as well as defeat the Union Army outside of the South, but failed and lost battles like Gettysburg.
- Battle of Gettysburg: A crucial turning point in the Civil War, signifying a major Confederate defeat.
- Important Battles and Outcomes: Fredericksburg (Confederate win), Chancellorsville (Confederate win), Vicksburg (Union win), Atlanta (Union destroyed Confederate rail lines and supplies), Appomattox (Union victory and end of the war).
- Freedmen's Bureau: A government agency designed to assist newly freed African Americans but lacked proper funding and support.
- Lincoln's 10% Reconstruction Plan: A plan for reintegrating Confederate states into the Union after the war. It included pardons for Southerners and required 10% of voters to pledge allegiance before a state could rejoin.
- President Andrew Johnson: Johnson's Reconstruction plan was more lenient toward the South than Lincoln's, often in contrast with the Radical Republicans' plan, which sought harsher punishments.
- Radical Republicans' Reconstruction Plan: Sought to punish the South and protect the rights of recently freed slaves.
- Reconstruction Amendments: 13th (abolished slavery), 14th (defined citizenship and granted equal protection), and 15th (granted voting rights).
- Johnson's Impeachment: Johnson was impeached by Radical Republicans in Congress for violating the Tenure of Office Act.
- Ulysses S Grant's Election: Grant won the presidential elections of 1868 and 1872, but faced corruption in his administration and political unrest, which also hurt his support.
- Rutherford B Hayes and the Compromise of 1877: A compromise resulted in Hayes becoming president but led to the withdrawal of federal troops from the South and effectively ending Reconstruction.
Chapter 23-26: Westward Expansion & Gilded Age Themes
- Jim Crow Segregation: Racial segregation laws implemented in the South after the Civil War to maintain white dominance.
- Plessy v. Ferguson: A Supreme Court case that upheld "separate but equal" segregation, which led to widespread racial discrimination.
- Discrimination & Disenfranchisement: Methods such as literacy tests, poll taxes, and violence to limit Black voting rights and maintain segregation.
- Politics: Grover Cleveland's presidency, characterized by a laissez-faire approach (minimal government intervention) and favored the interest of business over the interests of workers
- Industrialists & Labor: The contrasting lives of industrial leaders (often seen as "Robber Barons") and the unskilled working class, who were often exploited for cheap labor.
- Immigration: Ellis Island and the influx of immigrants from Europe and other areas, faced difficulties like discrimination, economic challenges, and cultural differences.
- Western Expansion: Conflicted with Native American tribes; events like Wounded Knee (a massacre of Lakota Sioux), and the Battle of Little Bighorn, and the Dawes Act (forcing assimilation). Additionally, the Homestead Act offered land to settlers but faced challenges.
- Populism: A political movement advocating for farmers and workers, seeking to challenge the established parties and improve their conditions.
Essay Topics (General)
- Union vs. Confederacy: Compare and contrast the strengths and weaknesses of both sides in the Civil War.
- Civil War Strategies: Evaluate different military strategies employed during the conflict, including strengths and weaknesses.
- Reconstruction: Examine the successes and failures of Reconstruction efforts in the aftermath of the Civil War.
- Gilded Age Immigration: Analyze the motivations, experiences, and challenges faced by immigrants during this period.
- Gilded Age Industrialists: Discuss the roles and impact of major industrialists and their effects on the overall society, including the common worker.
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Description
Explore the key themes of sectional tensions and the road to disunion in Chapters 18-19. This quiz covers the impact of slave plantations, the key abolitionists like Frederick Douglass and Harriet Tubman, and significant events such as the Compromise of 1850.
