Questions and Answers
Which of the following patients is at greatest risk for complications caused by the influenza virus? Select one:
You and your EMT partner arrive at the residence of a 50-year-old man who complains of weakness. Your primary assessment reveals that he is critically ill and will require aggressive treatment. The closest hospital is 25 miles away. You should:
In which of the following situations would it be MOST appropriate to utilize an air medical transportation service? Select one:
Most treatments provided in the prehospital setting are intended to _________. Select one:
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It is especially important to assess pulse, sensation, and movement in all extremities as well as pupillary reactions in patients with a suspected ___________ problem.
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Which of the following conditions is NOT categorized as a psychiatric condition? Select one:
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You are attending to a 27-year-old male driver of a car. According to his passenger, the patient had been acting strangely while driving, then slumped forward against the steering wheel, apparently unconscious. The car drove off the road and struck a telephone pole. Your patient is a diabetic who had been under a lot of stress lately and may have missed meals. This is an example of a:
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The _____ is your awareness and concern for potentially serious underlying and unseen injuries or illnesses. Select one:
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When assessing a patient with a medical complaint, which of the following would MOST likely reveal the cause of the problem? Select one:
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In 2009, the H1N1 virus accounted for over 200,000 deaths worldwide in the form of the swine flu. In 1919, a similar outbreak of the H1N1 occurred in the form of the Spanish flu. These are both examples of:
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Which of the following is a bacterium resistant to most antibiotics and causes skin abscesses? Select one:
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When caring for a patient with an altered mental status and signs of circulatory compromise, you should:
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The BEST way to prevent infection from whooping cough is to:
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Most patients with an infectious disease will have _________. Select one:
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After sizing up the scene of a patient with a possible infectious disease, your next priority should be to:
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An infectious disease is MOST accurately defined as:
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Ten days after treating a 34-year-old patient with tuberculosis, you are given a tuberculin skin test, which yields a positive result. This MOST likely indicates that:
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It is especially important to assess pulse, sensation, and movement in all extremities as well as pupillary reactions in patients with a suspected ___________ problem.
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The incubation period for hepatitis B is typically:
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The determination of whether a medical patient is a high-priority or low-priority transport is typically made:
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Assessment of the medical patient is usually focused on the _________. Select one:
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Hepatitis B is more virulent than hepatitis C, which means that it:
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________ is a bacterium that causes infections and is resistant to most antibiotics. Select one:
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When forming your general impression of a patient with a medical complaint, it is important to remember that:
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Study Notes
Influenza Complications and Risk Factors
- Patient populations at higher risk for influenza complications include elderly individuals and those with chronic conditions.
- Example: A 68-year-old woman with type 2 diabetes faces greater risks compared to younger patients.
Emergency Response in Critical Situations
- Prioritize assessing and ensuring airway, breathing, and circulation when a patient is critically ill.
- In emergencies far from hospital facilities, it may be vital to request assistance from an Advanced Life Support (ALS) unit.
Air Medical Transportation
- Air medical services are most appropriate for patients with high-risk conditions, such as a stroke, where prolonged ground transport would delay critical care.
Prehospital Treatment Focus
- Prehospital treatments primarily aim to address patient symptoms rather than diagnose or resolve underlying issues.
Neurological Assessment
- For patients suspected to have neurological problems, thorough assessment of pulse, sensation, and movement in extremities is crucial.
Psychiatric Conditions
- Substance abuse is not classified strictly as a psychiatric condition when compared to others like depression and schizophrenia.
Medical and Trauma Emergencies
- Instances of altered mental status alongside trauma (e.g., a car accident) may indicate a combination of medical and trauma emergencies.
Index of Suspicion
- The term refers to a healthcare provider's awareness of possible serious injuries or illnesses that may not be immediately apparent during assessments.
Medical Complaint Assessment
- Primary assessment can often reveal the cause of a medical complaint, hence it is essential in patient evaluation.
Historical Pandemics
- The H1N1 virus has historically caused significant death tolls, such as during the 2009 outbreak and the 1919 Spanish flu, highlighting the nature of pandemics.
Antibiotic Resistance
- MRSA (Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) is a common bacterium that exhibits resistance to many antibiotics, causing skin infections.
Transport Priorities for Altered Mental Status
- Quick transport (within 10 minutes) is vital in cases of altered mental status and circulatory compromise to minimize risks.
Infection Prevention
- Vaccination against diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis is the most effective way to prevent whooping cough transmission.
Infectious Disease Indicators
- Fever is a common sign among patients with infectious diseases, indicating the body's response to infection.
Standard Precautions
- Following standard precautions is essential after assessing the scene for potential infectious disease exposure.
Definition of Infectious Disease
- Infectious diseases are defined as conditions caused by the invasion and growth of harmful microorganisms within the body.
Tuberculosis Exposure Testing
- A positive tuberculin skin test after exposure suggests previous contact with an infected person rather than ongoing infection.
Hepatitis B Characteristics
- Hepatitis B has a longer incubation period (4 to 12 weeks) compared to other types, presenting a higher risk of becoming a chronic infection.
Priority Transport Decisions
- The patient's transport priority is usually determined after the primary assessment is completed.
Understanding Hepatitis B Virulence
- Hepatitis B is considered more virulent than hepatitis C, meaning it is more capable of producing disease and leading to chronic infection.
General Impression Importance
- Assessing a patient’s general impression is crucial as serious medical conditions may not show obvious symptoms initially, influencing treatment decisions.
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Description
Test your knowledge on Chapter 14 of EMT training, focusing on patient assessment and risk factors associated with influenza complications. Evaluate your understanding through multiple choice questions designed for EMT learners.
