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Questions and Answers
What represents the word 'virus'?
What represents the word 'virus'?
Where do viruses typically multiply?
Where do viruses typically multiply?
What is the structure present in a typical virus that contains the nucleic acid?
What is the structure present in a typical virus that contains the nucleic acid?
Which type of virus infects plant cells specifically?
Which type of virus infects plant cells specifically?
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What does the term 'bacteriophage' mean?
What does the term 'bacteriophage' mean?
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How does an enveloped virus typically enter an animal host cell?
How does an enveloped virus typically enter an animal host cell?
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What is the process of disintegrating the protein capsid of an animal virus to expose its DNA known as?
What is the process of disintegrating the protein capsid of an animal virus to expose its DNA known as?
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Which enzyme is responsible for converting animal virus RNA to DNA within the host cell?
Which enzyme is responsible for converting animal virus RNA to DNA within the host cell?
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Incorporation of animal virus DNA into the host cell's DNA forms what structure?
Incorporation of animal virus DNA into the host cell's DNA forms what structure?
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How are enveloped animal viruses typically released from the host cell?
How are enveloped animal viruses typically released from the host cell?
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Why can animal virus RNA not directly incorporate into the host cell's DNA?
Why can animal virus RNA not directly incorporate into the host cell's DNA?
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What is the common symptom associated with Adenoviridae infections?
What is the common symptom associated with Adenoviridae infections?
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Which family of RNA viruses is responsible for causing HIV/AIDS?
Which family of RNA viruses is responsible for causing HIV/AIDS?
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What is the primary disease caused by Poxviridae infections?
What is the primary disease caused by Poxviridae infections?
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Which virus family is associated with causing Cold Sores, Chickenpox, and Shingles?
Which virus family is associated with causing Cold Sores, Chickenpox, and Shingles?
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In what way do oncoviruses contribute to cancer development?
In what way do oncoviruses contribute to cancer development?
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Which of the following is a characteristic of Latent Viral Infections?
Which of the following is a characteristic of Latent Viral Infections?
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What is the result of the release of new virions in the bacterial host cell?
What is the result of the release of new virions in the bacterial host cell?
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Which term describes when phage DNA integrates and remains dormant in a host cell?
Which term describes when phage DNA integrates and remains dormant in a host cell?
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What is the main characteristic of lysogeny that alters the host cell's behavior?
What is the main characteristic of lysogeny that alters the host cell's behavior?
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In the lysogenic cycle, what happens when the host cell replicates?
In the lysogenic cycle, what happens when the host cell replicates?
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What is the primary outcome of a latent viral infection in a host cell?
What is the primary outcome of a latent viral infection in a host cell?
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What is the purpose of forming plaques in bacteriophage growth?
What is the purpose of forming plaques in bacteriophage growth?
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Which of the following statements about viral taxonomy is incorrect?
Which of the following statements about viral taxonomy is incorrect?
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What is the primary method used for identifying viruses?
What is the primary method used for identifying viruses?
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Which of the following statements accurately describes viral multiplication?
Which of the following statements accurately describes viral multiplication?
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Which of the following statements is true regarding the growth of bacteriophages?
Which of the following statements is true regarding the growth of bacteriophages?
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Which of the following techniques is not used for growing animal viruses?
Which of the following techniques is not used for growing animal viruses?
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Study Notes
What is a Virus?
- Viruses are acellular entities composed of a nucleic acid core (DNA or RNA) enclosed within a protein capsid, and sometimes an envelope.
- Viruses can only multiply inside living cells, they are obligate intracellular parasites.
- Capsid is the protein coat that encloses the viral nucleic acid.
- Envelope is a membrane-like structure that surrounds the capsid of some viruses.
Virus Replication
- Bacteriophage refers to a virus that infects bacterial cells.
- Lysogeny is a state where the viral genome integrates into the host cell's genome and remains dormant.
- Lytic cycle is the process through which a virus replicates and destroys the host cell.
- Plaques are clear zones in a bacterial lawn resulting from the lysis of infected cells.
Animal Viruses
- Enveloped viruses enter animal host cells by fusion with the cell membrane.
- Uncoating is the process of removing the protein capsid of an animal virus.
- Reverse transcriptase is an enzyme used by retroviruses to convert RNA into DNA.
- Provirus is the integrated form of animal viral DNA into the host cell's genome.
- Budding is the process by which enveloped animal viruses are released from the host cell.
- Oncoviruses are viruses that can cause cancer.
- Latent viral infection is a state where the virus remains dormant in the host cell until triggered to become active.
Viral Taxonomy
- Viral taxonomy is the classification of viruses based on their characteristics.
- Electron microscopy is a primary method used to identify viruses.
- Viral multiplication involves the attachment, entry, replication, assembly, and release of new virions.
- Bacteriophages are grown using plaque assays.
- Animal viruses can be grown in living animals, embryonated eggs, or cell cultures.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the general characteristics of viruses such as size range, unique structure, structural components, multiplication inside host cells, and host range. This quiz covers important concepts discussed in Chapter 13.
