Chapter 13: TCAS (Traffic Collision Avoidance System)

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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of the Stationary unit of TCAS?

  • To correct the accumulated odometry error using RFID Tags
  • To perform train detection and train integrity supervision
  • To provide real-time display of the aspect of approaching signal to Loco Pilots
  • To generate Movement Authority and transmit it to the train via radio (correct)

What is the purpose of RFID Tags in TCAS?

  • To transmit Movement Authority to the train
  • To provide bi-directional track train communication
  • To determine the position of the train via Pulse Generators
  • To correct the accumulated odometry error (correct)

What is the role of the on-board computer in TCAS?

  • To perform train detection and train integrity supervision
  • To generate Movement Authority and transmit it to the train
  • To provide real-time display of the aspect of approaching signal to Loco Pilots
  • To compare the train speed with the permitted speed and command brake application (correct)

How does the Stationary unit of TCAS identify individual trains?

<p>By the identity of its leading TCAS on-board equipment (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the trackside equipment in TCAS?

<p>To perform train detection and train integrity supervision (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the Movement Authority transmitted to the train in TCAS?

<p>Via UHF/GSMR/LTE radio together with speed information and track description data (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the DMI in the onboard unit of TCAS?

<p>To assist Loco Pilots by means of real-time display of the aspect of approaching signal (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the benefit of multi-vendor interoperability in TCAS?

<p>To enable communication between different vendors' systems (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary intention of TCAS?

<p>To prevent collisions and control speed at tracks having speed restrictions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main feature of Automatic Train Protection (ATP) in IRATP?

<p>Detection and prevention of SPAD and cab signalling (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of RFID Tag in IRATP?

<p>To communicate with stationary units (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the On Board Computer (OBC) in IRATP?

<p>To process and analyze train data (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Train Interface Unit (TIU) in IRATP?

<p>To connect the OBC to the brake control system (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Pulse Generators (Speed Sensors) in IRATP?

<p>To measure train speed and acceleration (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the Driver Machine Interface (DMI) in IRATP?

<p>To display movement authority and target distance (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Loco Radio Unit in IRATP?

<p>To communicate with the stationary unit (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the Traffic Management System (TMS) in the context of train operation?

<p>To provide real-time monitoring of train traffic for efficient decision making (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between CTC and TMS?

<p>CTC is a subset of TMS (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Service brake command in TCAS?

<p>To calculate simulated braking distance (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the Driver Machine Interface (DMI) of TCAS?

<p>To provide a user interface for the driver (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Emergency brake command in TCAS?

<p>To initiate maximum braking in emergency situations (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the benefit of Automatic Route Setting (ARS) in TMS?

<p>It reduces the workload of the train controller (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of reports can be generated by the TMS system?

<p>Various MIS reports, train graphs, and alarms (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the Normal brake command in TCAS?

<p>To initiate normal braking (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary consideration for designing and planning the system for data transport between stations or OCC to stations?

<p>Ensuring simultaneous data transport without delay, jitter, or packet drop (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the requirement for voice communication in the system?

<p>Integrated digital voice communication with voice logging facility (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of RDSO specification for Advanced Auxiliary Warning System (AAWS)?

<p>It is a specification for suburban sections of Central and Western Railways (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is annexure 13-A1 in the chapter on ATP, ETCS, IRATP (TCAS) & TMS?

<p>Braking Distance Calculations for TCAS (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the chapter that includes Annexure 13-A1 and Maintenance Schedules in Appendix I?

<p>Chapter 13: ATP, ETCS, IRATP (TCAS) &amp; TMS (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many Maintenance Schedules are included in Appendix I of Chapter 13?

<p>3 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the maintenance schedules in Appendix I of Chapter 13?

<p>To outline the maintenance procedures for Train Protection &amp; Warning System (TPWS), Train Collision Avoidance System (TCAS), and Centralized Traffic Control (CTC) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of Chapter 13 in the context of train safety?

<p>It outlines the maintenance procedures for train protection systems (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of balises in the ETCS system?

<p>To act as reference points and correct accumulated odometry error (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the on-board computer in ETCS Level 2?

<p>To compare the train speed with the permitted speed (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a feature of ETCS Level 2?

<p>It accommodates regenerative braking (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Driver Machine Interface (DMI) in ETCS?

<p>To display objects in speed and supervision areas (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the Automatic Train Protection System developed by Indian Railways?

<p>TCAS (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a feature of TCAS?

<p>It has cab signalling features (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between IRATP and TCAS?

<p>Both terms are used synonymously (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is NOT a feature of ETCS Level 2?

<p>It requires line side signals (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is NOT a feature of TCAS?

<p>Route Optimization (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a feature of Automatic Train Protection (ATP) in IRATP?

<p>Detection and Prevention of SPAD (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a feature of IRATP?

<p>Detection and Prevention of SPAD (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is NOT a Train Collision Avoidance Feature?

<p>Route Optimization (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is NOT an on-board equipment of IRATP?

<p>Route Optimization System (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a feature of IRATP track side equipment?

<p>RFID Tag (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is NOT a function of the DMI in IRATP?

<p>Route Optimization (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a feature of TCAS?

<p>Detection of roll back (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary consideration for designing and planning the system for data transport between stations or OCC to stations?

<p>Avoiding delay or jitter or drop in packets (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of voice communication in the system?

<p>Integrated digital voice communication with voice logging facility (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Annexure 13-A1 in the chapter on ATP, ETCS, IRATP (TCAS) & TMS?

<p>Braking Distance Calculations for TCAS (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between CTC and TMS?

<p>CTC is a subset of TMS (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of RDSO specification for Advanced Auxiliary Warning System (AAWS)?

<p>It is a new generation system (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the maintenance schedules in Appendix I of Chapter 13?

<p>To plan maintenance activities (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many Maintenance Schedules are included in Appendix I of Chapter 13?

<p>3 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of Chapter 13 in the context of train safety?

<p>It provides details on ATP, ETCS, IRATP (TCAS) &amp; TMS (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the Traffic Management System (TMS) in the context of train operation?

<p>To provide centralized operation of signalling systems for a large section (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key feature of the Traffic Management System (TMS)?

<p>Automatic Route Setting (ARS) and Long Route Setting (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between CTC and TMS?

<p>CTC is a subset of TMS (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Emergency brake command in TCAS?

<p>To apply brakes in emergency situations (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the benefit of Automatic Route Setting (ARS) in TMS?

<p>Reducing the workload of the controller (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of reports can be generated by the TMS system?

<p>MIS reports and Train Graph (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the Service brake command in TCAS?

<p>To apply service brakes in normal situations (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the Normal brake command in TCAS?

<p>To apply normal brakes in normal situations (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component of TCAS is responsible for providing real-time display of the aspect of approaching signal?

<p>DMI of the onboard unit (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the Stationary unit of TCAS identify individual trains?

<p>By the identity of its leading TCAS on-board equipment (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Pulse Generators in TCAS?

<p>To determine the train's position (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the benefit of bi-directional track train communication in TCAS?

<p>Improved safety and efficiency (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the Stationary unit of TCAS supervise train movements?

<p>Continuously in its territory (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the RFID Tags in TCAS?

<p>To correct the accumulated odometry error (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the benefit of multi-vendor interoperability in TCAS?

<p>Increased flexibility and compatibility (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the on-board computer in ETCS Level 2?

<p>To continuously compare the train speed with the Permitted speed (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Movement Authority in TCAS?

<p>To authorize the train to move within a certain section of track (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the balises in ETCS?

<p>To act as reference points and correct the accumulated odometry error (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the Driver Machine Interface (DMI) in ETCS?

<p>It is used to provide the driver with a user-friendly interface (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the Level-2 system in ETCS?

<p>To supervise the train's speed and apply the brake if necessary (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between IRATP and TCAS?

<p>IRATP and TCAS are synonymous terms (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of regenerative braking in ETCS Level 2?

<p>To reduce the energy consumption (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the two levels of brake commands in ETCS Level 2?

<p>They provide a higher degree of safety (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the Line side signals in ETCS?

<p>To provide the driver with a visual indication of the permitted speed (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

TCAS (Train Collision Avoidance System)

  • Three levels of brake commands in TCAS: Normal brake command, Service brake command, and Emergency brake command
  • Simulated Braking Distance Calculations for service and emergency brakes are provided in Annexure: 13-A1

Driver Machine Interface (DMI) of TCAS

  • A typical overall view of DMI is shown, with features such as:
    • Real-time display of the aspect of approaching signal
    • Assistance to Loco Pilots by means of real-time display

Traffic Management System (TMS)

  • TMS carries out the following functions:
    • Centralized Operation of Signalling Systems
    • Centralized Real-time Monitoring of Train Traffic
    • Interfacing and real-time data sharing with COA, Crew management system, PA system at station, ATP, etc.
    • Automatic route setting (ARS), Long route setting, and Route stacking command
    • Generation of various MIS reports, train graphs, and detection and management of alarms and logs

TCAS Features

  • Based on inputs received from Signalling interlocking, the Stationary unit of TCAS generates Movement Authority which is transmitted to the train via radio
  • TCAS provides bi-directional track-train communication
  • Train movements are supervised continually by the Stationary unit in its territory
  • The Stationary unit knows each TCAS controlled train individually by the identity of its leading TCAS on-board equipment
  • Movement authority is transmitted to the vehicle continuously via UHF/GSMR/LTE radio together with speed information and track description data

Safety Concerns

  • Two major areas of safety concern are:
    • LC gate Accidents
    • Signal Passing at Danger (SPAD)
  • TCAS is intended to provide train protection by addressing:
    • Prevention of collisions
    • Control of speed at tracks having speed restrictions

ATP (Automatic Train Protection) Features of IRATP

  • Detection and Prevention of SPAD
  • Cab signalling with Display of movement authority, target distance, speed, and signal aspect
  • Continuous train control
  • Protection for speed restriction
  • Detection of roll back
  • Blowing horn while approaching Level Crossing Gate

Train Collision Avoidance Features

  • Head-On Collision prevention
  • Rear End Collision prevention
  • Side Collision prevention

Track-side Equipment of IRATP

  • RFID Tag
  • Stationary unit
  • Radio

On-board Equipment of IRATP

  • On-Board Computer (OBC)
  • RFID readers
  • Driver Machine Interface (DMI)
  • Loco Radio Unit
  • Pulse Generators (Speed Sensors)
  • Train Interface Unit (TIU)
  • Interface to existing brake control system
  • Power supply arrangement
  • Isolation arrangement

TCAS (Train Collision Avoidance System)

  • Three levels of brake commands in TCAS: Normal brake command, Service brake command, and Emergency brake command
  • Simulated Braking Distance Calculations for service and emergency brakes are provided in Annexure: 13-A1

Driver Machine Interface (DMI) of TCAS

  • A typical overall view of DMI is shown, with features such as:
    • Real-time display of the aspect of approaching signal
    • Assistance to Loco Pilots by means of real-time display

Traffic Management System (TMS)

  • TMS carries out the following functions:
    • Centralized Operation of Signalling Systems
    • Centralized Real-time Monitoring of Train Traffic
    • Interfacing and real-time data sharing with COA, Crew management system, PA system at station, ATP, etc.
    • Automatic route setting (ARS), Long route setting, and Route stacking command
    • Generation of various MIS reports, train graphs, and detection and management of alarms and logs

TCAS Features

  • Based on inputs received from Signalling interlocking, the Stationary unit of TCAS generates Movement Authority which is transmitted to the train via radio
  • TCAS provides bi-directional track-train communication
  • Train movements are supervised continually by the Stationary unit in its territory
  • The Stationary unit knows each TCAS controlled train individually by the identity of its leading TCAS on-board equipment
  • Movement authority is transmitted to the vehicle continuously via UHF/GSMR/LTE radio together with speed information and track description data

Safety Concerns

  • Two major areas of safety concern are:
    • LC gate Accidents
    • Signal Passing at Danger (SPAD)
  • TCAS is intended to provide train protection by addressing:
    • Prevention of collisions
    • Control of speed at tracks having speed restrictions

ATP (Automatic Train Protection) Features of IRATP

  • Detection and Prevention of SPAD
  • Cab signalling with Display of movement authority, target distance, speed, and signal aspect
  • Continuous train control
  • Protection for speed restriction
  • Detection of roll back
  • Blowing horn while approaching Level Crossing Gate

Train Collision Avoidance Features

  • Head-On Collision prevention
  • Rear End Collision prevention
  • Side Collision prevention

Track-side Equipment of IRATP

  • RFID Tag
  • Stationary unit
  • Radio

On-board Equipment of IRATP

  • On-Board Computer (OBC)
  • RFID readers
  • Driver Machine Interface (DMI)
  • Loco Radio Unit
  • Pulse Generators (Speed Sensors)
  • Train Interface Unit (TIU)
  • Interface to existing brake control system
  • Power supply arrangement
  • Isolation arrangement

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