Chapter 13: TCAS (Traffic Collision Avoidance System)
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What is the purpose of the Stationary unit of TCAS?

  • To correct the accumulated odometry error using RFID Tags
  • To perform train detection and train integrity supervision
  • To provide real-time display of the aspect of approaching signal to Loco Pilots
  • To generate Movement Authority and transmit it to the train via radio (correct)

    • What is the purpose of RFID Tags in TCAS?

  • To transmit Movement Authority to the train
  • To provide bi-directional track train communication
  • To determine the position of the train via Pulse Generators
  • To correct the accumulated odometry error (correct)

    • What is the role of the on-board computer in TCAS?

  • To perform train detection and train integrity supervision
  • To generate Movement Authority and transmit it to the train
  • To provide real-time display of the aspect of approaching signal to Loco Pilots
  • To compare the train speed with the permitted speed and command brake application (correct)

    • How does the Stationary unit of TCAS identify individual trains?

    <p>By the identity of its leading TCAS on-board equipment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the trackside equipment in TCAS?

    <p>To perform train detection and train integrity supervision</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the Movement Authority transmitted to the train in TCAS?

    <p>Via UHF/GSMR/LTE radio together with speed information and track description data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the DMI in the onboard unit of TCAS?

    <p>To assist Loco Pilots by means of real-time display of the aspect of approaching signal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the benefit of multi-vendor interoperability in TCAS?

    <p>To enable communication between different vendors' systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary intention of TCAS?

    <p>To prevent collisions and control speed at tracks having speed restrictions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main feature of Automatic Train Protection (ATP) in IRATP?

    <p>Detection and prevention of SPAD and cab signalling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of RFID Tag in IRATP?

    <p>To communicate with stationary units</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the On Board Computer (OBC) in IRATP?

    <p>To process and analyze train data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the Train Interface Unit (TIU) in IRATP?

    <p>To connect the OBC to the brake control system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Pulse Generators (Speed Sensors) in IRATP?

    <p>To measure train speed and acceleration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the Driver Machine Interface (DMI) in IRATP?

    <p>To display movement authority and target distance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Loco Radio Unit in IRATP?

    <p>To communicate with the stationary unit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the Traffic Management System (TMS) in the context of train operation?

    <p>To provide real-time monitoring of train traffic for efficient decision making</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between CTC and TMS?

    <p>CTC is a subset of TMS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Service brake command in TCAS?

    <p>To calculate simulated braking distance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the Driver Machine Interface (DMI) of TCAS?

    <p>To provide a user interface for the driver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Emergency brake command in TCAS?

    <p>To initiate maximum braking in emergency situations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the benefit of Automatic Route Setting (ARS) in TMS?

    <p>It reduces the workload of the train controller</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of reports can be generated by the TMS system?

    <p>Various MIS reports, train graphs, and alarms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the Normal brake command in TCAS?

    <p>To initiate normal braking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary consideration for designing and planning the system for data transport between stations or OCC to stations?

    <p>Ensuring simultaneous data transport without delay, jitter, or packet drop</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the requirement for voice communication in the system?

    <p>Integrated digital voice communication with voice logging facility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of RDSO specification for Advanced Auxiliary Warning System (AAWS)?

    <p>It is a specification for suburban sections of Central and Western Railways</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is annexure 13-A1 in the chapter on ATP, ETCS, IRATP (TCAS) & TMS?

    <p>Braking Distance Calculations for TCAS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the chapter that includes Annexure 13-A1 and Maintenance Schedules in Appendix I?

    <p>Chapter 13: ATP, ETCS, IRATP (TCAS) &amp; TMS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many Maintenance Schedules are included in Appendix I of Chapter 13?

    <p>3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the maintenance schedules in Appendix I of Chapter 13?

    <p>To outline the maintenance procedures for Train Protection &amp; Warning System (TPWS), Train Collision Avoidance System (TCAS), and Centralized Traffic Control (CTC)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of Chapter 13 in the context of train safety?

    <p>It outlines the maintenance procedures for train protection systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of balises in the ETCS system?

    <p>To act as reference points and correct accumulated odometry error</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the on-board computer in ETCS Level 2?

    <p>To compare the train speed with the permitted speed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a feature of ETCS Level 2?

    <p>It accommodates regenerative braking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Driver Machine Interface (DMI) in ETCS?

    <p>To display objects in speed and supervision areas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the Automatic Train Protection System developed by Indian Railways?

    <p>TCAS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a feature of TCAS?

    <p>It has cab signalling features</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between IRATP and TCAS?

    <p>Both terms are used synonymously</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is NOT a feature of ETCS Level 2?

    <p>It requires line side signals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is NOT a feature of TCAS?

    <p>Route Optimization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a feature of Automatic Train Protection (ATP) in IRATP?

    <p>Detection and Prevention of SPAD</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a feature of IRATP?

    <p>Detection and Prevention of SPAD</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is NOT a Train Collision Avoidance Feature?

    <p>Route Optimization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is NOT an on-board equipment of IRATP?

    <p>Route Optimization System</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a feature of IRATP track side equipment?

    <p>RFID Tag</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is NOT a function of the DMI in IRATP?

    <p>Route Optimization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a feature of TCAS?

    <p>Detection of roll back</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary consideration for designing and planning the system for data transport between stations or OCC to stations?

    <p>Avoiding delay or jitter or drop in packets</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of voice communication in the system?

    <p>Integrated digital voice communication with voice logging facility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of Annexure 13-A1 in the chapter on ATP, ETCS, IRATP (TCAS) & TMS?

    <p>Braking Distance Calculations for TCAS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between CTC and TMS?

    <p>CTC is a subset of TMS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of RDSO specification for Advanced Auxiliary Warning System (AAWS)?

    <p>It is a new generation system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the maintenance schedules in Appendix I of Chapter 13?

    <p>To plan maintenance activities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many Maintenance Schedules are included in Appendix I of Chapter 13?

    <p>3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of Chapter 13 in the context of train safety?

    <p>It provides details on ATP, ETCS, IRATP (TCAS) &amp; TMS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the Traffic Management System (TMS) in the context of train operation?

    <p>To provide centralized operation of signalling systems for a large section</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key feature of the Traffic Management System (TMS)?

    <p>Automatic Route Setting (ARS) and Long Route Setting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between CTC and TMS?

    <p>CTC is a subset of TMS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Emergency brake command in TCAS?

    <p>To apply brakes in emergency situations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the benefit of Automatic Route Setting (ARS) in TMS?

    <p>Reducing the workload of the controller</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of reports can be generated by the TMS system?

    <p>MIS reports and Train Graph</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the Service brake command in TCAS?

    <p>To apply service brakes in normal situations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the Normal brake command in TCAS?

    <p>To apply normal brakes in normal situations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of TCAS is responsible for providing real-time display of the aspect of approaching signal?

    <p>DMI of the onboard unit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the Stationary unit of TCAS identify individual trains?

    <p>By the identity of its leading TCAS on-board equipment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Pulse Generators in TCAS?

    <p>To determine the train's position</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the benefit of bi-directional track train communication in TCAS?

    <p>Improved safety and efficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the Stationary unit of TCAS supervise train movements?

    <p>Continuously in its territory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the RFID Tags in TCAS?

    <p>To correct the accumulated odometry error</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the benefit of multi-vendor interoperability in TCAS?

    <p>Increased flexibility and compatibility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the on-board computer in ETCS Level 2?

    <p>To continuously compare the train speed with the Permitted speed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Movement Authority in TCAS?

    <p>To authorize the train to move within a certain section of track</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the balises in ETCS?

    <p>To act as reference points and correct the accumulated odometry error</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the Driver Machine Interface (DMI) in ETCS?

    <p>It is used to provide the driver with a user-friendly interface</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the Level-2 system in ETCS?

    <p>To supervise the train's speed and apply the brake if necessary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between IRATP and TCAS?

    <p>IRATP and TCAS are synonymous terms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of regenerative braking in ETCS Level 2?

    <p>To reduce the energy consumption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the two levels of brake commands in ETCS Level 2?

    <p>They provide a higher degree of safety</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the Line side signals in ETCS?

    <p>To provide the driver with a visual indication of the permitted speed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    TCAS (Train Collision Avoidance System)

    • Three levels of brake commands in TCAS: Normal brake command, Service brake command, and Emergency brake command
    • Simulated Braking Distance Calculations for service and emergency brakes are provided in Annexure: 13-A1

    Driver Machine Interface (DMI) of TCAS

    • A typical overall view of DMI is shown, with features such as:
      • Real-time display of the aspect of approaching signal
      • Assistance to Loco Pilots by means of real-time display

    Traffic Management System (TMS)

    • TMS carries out the following functions:
      • Centralized Operation of Signalling Systems
      • Centralized Real-time Monitoring of Train Traffic
      • Interfacing and real-time data sharing with COA, Crew management system, PA system at station, ATP, etc.
      • Automatic route setting (ARS), Long route setting, and Route stacking command
      • Generation of various MIS reports, train graphs, and detection and management of alarms and logs

    TCAS Features

    • Based on inputs received from Signalling interlocking, the Stationary unit of TCAS generates Movement Authority which is transmitted to the train via radio
    • TCAS provides bi-directional track-train communication
    • Train movements are supervised continually by the Stationary unit in its territory
    • The Stationary unit knows each TCAS controlled train individually by the identity of its leading TCAS on-board equipment
    • Movement authority is transmitted to the vehicle continuously via UHF/GSMR/LTE radio together with speed information and track description data

    Safety Concerns

    • Two major areas of safety concern are:
      • LC gate Accidents
      • Signal Passing at Danger (SPAD)
    • TCAS is intended to provide train protection by addressing:
      • Prevention of collisions
      • Control of speed at tracks having speed restrictions

    ATP (Automatic Train Protection) Features of IRATP

    • Detection and Prevention of SPAD
    • Cab signalling with Display of movement authority, target distance, speed, and signal aspect
    • Continuous train control
    • Protection for speed restriction
    • Detection of roll back
    • Blowing horn while approaching Level Crossing Gate

    Train Collision Avoidance Features

    • Head-On Collision prevention
    • Rear End Collision prevention
    • Side Collision prevention

    Track-side Equipment of IRATP

    • RFID Tag
    • Stationary unit
    • Radio

    On-board Equipment of IRATP

    • On-Board Computer (OBC)
    • RFID readers
    • Driver Machine Interface (DMI)
    • Loco Radio Unit
    • Pulse Generators (Speed Sensors)
    • Train Interface Unit (TIU)
    • Interface to existing brake control system
    • Power supply arrangement
    • Isolation arrangement

    TCAS (Train Collision Avoidance System)

    • Three levels of brake commands in TCAS: Normal brake command, Service brake command, and Emergency brake command
    • Simulated Braking Distance Calculations for service and emergency brakes are provided in Annexure: 13-A1

    Driver Machine Interface (DMI) of TCAS

    • A typical overall view of DMI is shown, with features such as:
      • Real-time display of the aspect of approaching signal
      • Assistance to Loco Pilots by means of real-time display

    Traffic Management System (TMS)

    • TMS carries out the following functions:
      • Centralized Operation of Signalling Systems
      • Centralized Real-time Monitoring of Train Traffic
      • Interfacing and real-time data sharing with COA, Crew management system, PA system at station, ATP, etc.
      • Automatic route setting (ARS), Long route setting, and Route stacking command
      • Generation of various MIS reports, train graphs, and detection and management of alarms and logs

    TCAS Features

    • Based on inputs received from Signalling interlocking, the Stationary unit of TCAS generates Movement Authority which is transmitted to the train via radio
    • TCAS provides bi-directional track-train communication
    • Train movements are supervised continually by the Stationary unit in its territory
    • The Stationary unit knows each TCAS controlled train individually by the identity of its leading TCAS on-board equipment
    • Movement authority is transmitted to the vehicle continuously via UHF/GSMR/LTE radio together with speed information and track description data

    Safety Concerns

    • Two major areas of safety concern are:
      • LC gate Accidents
      • Signal Passing at Danger (SPAD)
    • TCAS is intended to provide train protection by addressing:
      • Prevention of collisions
      • Control of speed at tracks having speed restrictions

    ATP (Automatic Train Protection) Features of IRATP

    • Detection and Prevention of SPAD
    • Cab signalling with Display of movement authority, target distance, speed, and signal aspect
    • Continuous train control
    • Protection for speed restriction
    • Detection of roll back
    • Blowing horn while approaching Level Crossing Gate

    Train Collision Avoidance Features

    • Head-On Collision prevention
    • Rear End Collision prevention
    • Side Collision prevention

    Track-side Equipment of IRATP

    • RFID Tag
    • Stationary unit
    • Radio

    On-board Equipment of IRATP

    • On-Board Computer (OBC)
    • RFID readers
    • Driver Machine Interface (DMI)
    • Loco Radio Unit
    • Pulse Generators (Speed Sensors)
    • Train Interface Unit (TIU)
    • Interface to existing brake control system
    • Power supply arrangement
    • Isolation arrangement

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